Estrogen is a class of steroid sex hormones—principally estradiol, estrone, and estriol—produced mainly by the ovaries and also by the placenta, adipose tissue, and other sources, that govern the development and maintenance of female reproductive structures and secondary sexual characteristics. Acting through nuclea…
Estrogen is a class of steroid sex hormones—principally estradiol, estrone, and estriol—produced mainly by the ovaries and also by the placenta, adipose tissue, and other sources, that govern the development and maintenance of female reproductive structures and secondary sexual characteristics. Acting through nuclear estrogen receptors alpha and beta, estrogens regulate the menstrual cycle, endometrial and uterine function, and bone, cardiovascular, and central nervous system physiology, and their signaling is central to both reproductive health and hormone-responsive disease. The studies collected here examine estrogen biology and its clinical correlates: expression of estrogen receptor beta in hypothalamic stem cells, correlation of Oncotype DX recurrence score with insulin-receptor-substrate proteins in estrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer, and in vitro assessment of estrogenic potential using an endometrial adenocarcinoma cell line. Reproductive and hormonal themes appear in work on hormonal contraceptive effects on the anterior pituitary, cardiac physiology in fertile versus postmenopausal women, labial adhesions in prepubertal girls, and estrous synchronization in reproductive management. Related contributions address cervical cytology in obesity, network-pharmacology of essential oils in conditions with a hormonal component, and dose-dependent physiological modulation, alongside molecular work on senescence and tumor suppression. Methods span cell and molecular biology, clinical and histomorphometric analysis, and reviews. This topic assembles peer-reviewed research on estrogen physiology, receptor signaling, and its reproductive and oncological significance.
12 peer-reviewed articles, ranked by relevance. Each links to its DOI.
The 12 articles above have been cited 41 times in the scholarly literature. Citation data via OpenAlex and Crossref, updated Jun 2026.
A sample of recent works citing this journal's research on Estrogen, linking to each citing work.