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Apr 2026 DOI 10.14302/issn.2473-1005.jdoi-26-6170
Y. S. Lee CameronCorresponding author
For the edentulous patient, dental implant therapy is the accepted treatment to replace one or more missing teeth as implant survival rates are greater than 90%. Unfortunately, surgical removal of dental implants occurs for a variety of reasons. As human studies are limited, this case report provides an opportunity to evaluate the peri-implant characteristics in a dental implant removed from a patient using histology. In our patient, the implant was removed three years after completion of the prosthetic phase due to fracture of the abutment that could not be removed from the implant. Histological examination of the implant revealed mature lamellar bone in direct contact with the implant surface. Histomorphometric evaluation revealed a bone-to-implant contact (BIC) of 73.6%.
Feb 2026 DOI 10.14302/issn.2576-6694.jbbs-26-5964
Flanagan DennisCorresponding author
The combination of ultrasonography (US) and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) has been proposed as a multimodal imaging strategy capable of uniting realtime softtissue assessment with highresolution threedimensional visualization of osseous structures. This study critically evaluated whether such integration provides measurable diagnostic or workflow advantages in mandibular imaging. Despite strong theoretical justification, the combined use of US and CBCT failed to demonstrate clinically meaningful improvements in diagnostic accuracy, confidence, or efficiency when compared with CBCT alone. Fundamental physical mismatches, hardware incompatibilities, geometric constraints, and operatordependent variability limited the anticipated synergistic benefits. These negative findings underscore the importance of reporting unsuccessful integration attempts to guide future research and prevent premature clinical adoption of technically incompatible imaging paradigms.
Dec 2025 DOI 10.14302/issn.2574-4496.jtc-25-5497
Silva FriedaCorresponding author
Our study gathered information on the diagnosis, treatment, and long-term outcome in adult and pediatric Hispanic patients with Well Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. Methods We performed a retrospective review of the clinical and imaging nuclear medicine records of cases of WDTC evaluated and treated in the Nuclear Medicine CLINICc. Evaluation included the clinical PROFILE, histology, radioiodine (RAI) therapies and treatment response, long-term outcome and survival. The data was ASSESED using the 2015 ATA Risk level guidelines and recommendations. Results Three hundred eleven cases were reviewed, 81% females, 19% males, median age of 41 years. Eleven percent (34 patients) of the patients were in the pediatric group and 49% were between 16-45 years. The tumor histology was 60.5% Papillary, 28.2% Papillary-Follicular variant and 11.3% Follicular type. All patients had a total thyroidectomy. A total of 287 (92%) of the patients were treated with RAI. The median RAI dose was 128 mCi. Patients in the low risk group received a dose range of 25-105 mCi, 73 cases in the intermediate RISK group received 106-160mCi and 104 cases in the high-risk group received doses greater than 160 mCi. The overall median cumulative dose was 151 mCi (55-926 mCi). Annual follow up was done in all cases , WITH A median follow-up OF 5-10 years. Residual functioning tissue in the neck was found in 52% of the cases by US and/or RAI imaging. of those, 43% belonged to the low risk group, while 57% were in the intermediate and high-risk groupS. The mean treatment dose received by those with persistent functional thyroid tissue in the neck was 157 mCi. Recurrent disease was found in 15% of the patients, 85% of them belonged to the intermediate and high-risk GROUPS. Forty-seven percent of the patients with recurrent disease had residual disease. Conclusion We believe ablative and/or adjuvant RAI treatment early in the disease is important to decrease residual thyroid tissue and/or residual disease, and to improve disease-free survival. We recommend total thyroid surgery in all tumors above 1 cm, post-operative evaluation with RAI Whole Body (with 123-I or 131-I), planar and SPECT/CT imaging and RAI ablation to remnant tissue. Follow-up post treatment evaluation is also recommended.
Feb 2024 DOI 10.14302/issn.2642-3146.jec-23-4573
Hafs Musa AbubakarCorresponding author
Many renewable energy sources such as solar and wind energy are grown and well developed as the cost effective solution being widely used in Nigeria but the whole Africa and world at large has witnessed a dramatic increase, concern over environment and demand of energy have led the world to think about alternate energy sources such as wind, hydro, solar and fuel cells. The voltage multiplier cell was incorporated with the interleaved converter to design the DC to DC boost converter for the PV application. The proposed converter is supplied by 18V as an input voltage and produces 99V output and gives 95% of efficiency under no load and 94% under load conditions. The performance of the proposed topology was substantiated and the results achieved from the fabricated prototype are in good agreement with the design strategies. The effects of input parameters such as sun radiation and useful power input on PV system and DC-DC converter outputs were exploration for 14 days. Results confirmed that the DC-DC converter was perfectly designed and accurately constructed, when integrated with solar PV system, data were captured under no load and on load conditions.
Dec 2023 DOI 10.14302/issn.2377-2549.jndc-23-4740
G. Sivets GrigoriiCorresponding author
A stereoselective synthesis of protected N-glycosyl oxazolines has been developed from available acylated sugar 1,2-O-acetonides using intramolecular Ritter-like reactions. New N-α- and β-D-pentofuranosyl, α-D-hexofuranosyl oxazolines as valuable intermediates for preparation of diverse N-glycosides were obtained by BF3.OEt2-KHF2 or BF3.OEt2-promoted reactions of pentofuranose and hexafuranose acetonide derivatives with nitriles. When selectively acylated D-xylo- or ribofuranoses were employed in the reactions, N-α-pentofuranosyl oxazolines were prepared in good yields. A mechanism for the formation of glycosyl oxazolines was proposed. A series of oxazoline derivatives were evaluated for their antiproliferative activity on three human cancer cell lines (MCF-7, Hela and K562).
Aug 2023 DOI 10.14302/issn.2639-3166.jar-23-4682
Lee MyunggyuCorresponding author
Objectives The solid-liquid separation (SLS) process generally separates solid and liquid fractions in wastewater and livestock manure. The solid-liquid separation process is an essential pretreatment step for the recycling and purification of pig manure. This study has assessed the separation and/or reduction efficiency by various SLS processes used in pig farms. Methods Seven types of SLS processes (centrifuge, centrifuge (+coagulation agent), belt press (+ coagulation agent), drum screen, inclined screen, vibration screen, and screw press) were used on 11 pig farms and conducted a comparative analysis. As for the sample in this study, the pig raw manure before treatment, the separated liquid and solid manure after treatment of the SLS process collected, respectively. These samples were provided for pH, EC(electrical conductivity) moisture content, CODMn, BOD5, TN, TP, K, TS, SS, NaCl, and heavy metals analysis. Results and Discussion The belt press (+coagulation agent) process had the highest TS and SS reduction rate of 78.8% and 96.9%, respectively. The highest removal efficiency of TN and TP was41.0% and 94.2% by belt press (+coagulation agent) and centrifuge (+coagulation agent),respectively. The belt press (+coagulation agent) removed 59.4% and 66.0% of BOD5 and CODMn,respectively. The Zn and Cu were removed 100% and 98.6% by centrifuge (+coagulation agent).However, the drum screen, inclined screen, vibration screen, screw press, and centrifuge showed lower removal efficiency of nutrient contents, solids, Zn, and Cu than centrifugal and belt press processes with chemical coagulation. Conclusions The centrifugal and belt press separation processes that used chemical coagulation showed much more removal efficiency of nutrient contents, solids, and metals like Zn and Cu. Although SLS with chemical coagulants is an effective pre-treatment process for liquid manure treatment and helps removal effect for suspended solids, nutrients, and heavy metals, further studies are needed on how it affects biological or chemical processing processes that are linked.
Apr 2023 DOI 10.14302/issn.2639-3166.jar-23-4500
A.Madam HarounCorresponding author
This investigation was carried out at the Demonstration Farm of the College of Agriculture- University of Bahri during 2018/2019 winter season to evaluate growth (morphological) and growth analysis (physiological) components in some sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L) genotypes under different nitrogen levels to know how well sugar beet plant performs during the growing season, Thus, to provide information to assist producers in identifying and introducing superior genotype and good management of nitrogen application in AlKadro area. The experiment was laid out in split plot design. The genotypes used were namely, Blaladi. Strube Sudan 01/14, Strube Sudan 02/14, Strube Sudan 04/14, Strube Sudan 05/14 and Strube Sudan 06/14, and the nitrogen levels were viz, 0, 80 and 120 kg urea per ha; applied twice (at the sowing and then 4 weeks after sowing). The evaluated components were; leaf number/plant, leaf area index (LAI), root length, root diameter, fresh and dry weight of foliage/plant, fresh and dry weight of root/plant; all determined at 5 terms. While Crop Growth Rates (CGR), Relative Growth Rate (RGR) and Net Assimilation Rate (NAR); determined at different periods of growth (intervals). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that at 4 weeks after sowing (WAS): leaf number (14.33- 17.03) , root length (19.05 – 21.75 cm), root diameter ( 7.93- 8.40 cm) foliage fresh ( 186.93 – 292.06 g) and dry ( 69.00 – 94.10 g) weight per plant, root fresh (72.66 – 108.88 g) and dry weight ( 12.54 – 22.08 g) per plant differed significantly (P≤ 0.05); at 7 and 10 WAS leaf number (22.39 -35.73 and 26.91 – 38.47, respectively), LAI ( 3.725 -5.645) , fresh and dry root weight per plant ( 586.78 – 913.81an 189.06 – 326.43 g, respectively) differed significantly; at 13 WAS: dry foliage weight ( 69.00 – 94.10 g), LAI ( 2.603 – 4.744), root diameter (10.09 – 11.92 cm) differed significantly; at 16 WAS only dry foliage (44.34 – 73.48 g) weight reflected significance. All other cases reflected insignificant differences among the evaluated genotypes. Moreover, all the studied components reflected insignificant differences among the nitrogen fertilizer levels and likewise genotype x nitrogen interaction (G x N) at the 5 sampled terms. Nevertheless, CGR, RGR and NAR displayed insignificant effect on the studied components in the evaluated periods.
Apr 2023 DOI 10.14302/issn.2471-2140.jaa-22-4251
Kumari SachinCorresponding author
The study's goal was to determine the total phenolics, total flavonoids, and antioxidant activity of A. mexicana aerial parts. Extracts were prepared using different solvents namely n-hexane, ethyl acetate, acetone, methanol, and water on basis of increasing polarity using soxhlet appratus. Aqueous extract from the flower contained the highest level of total phenolics, followed by that of the stem and leaves. The flower methanol extract was found to contain the most total flavonoids. With IC50 values of 24.98 g/ml in acetone extract, the stem component demonstrated the most DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging activity, followed by leaves with IC50 values of 36.29 g/ml in hexane extract and flowers with IC50 values of 38.33 g/ml in acetone extract. FTIR analysis showed that the presence of phenols and flavanoids. In different solvents, the DPPH free radical scavenging activity of aerial portions of A. mexicana varied greatly, and it increased with increasing concentration levels. In terms of antioxidant potency, higher amounts of total phenolics in aqueous extract, total flavonoids in methanol extract, and acetone extract were shown to be the most potent antioxidant. The aerial parts of A. mexicana have a considerable amount of flavanoids, phenolics, and antioxidant activity.
Feb 2023 DOI 10.14302/issn.2639-3166.jar-22-4403
E. A. Hamza FatihCorresponding author
The major a biotic stresses affecting chickpea production are high and low temperature, drought and salinity. Heat stress is a major a biotic stress factor, constraining chickpea production worldwide. This study was conducted to identifying chickpea genotypes combining heat tolerance and high yield potential and to study correlation among the heat tolerance indices. The genotypes were tested under different field-growing conditions, normal sown (non – heat stress) and late sown (heat stress) at two locations, Merowe and Gezira during winter season 2018/2019. The trials were laid out in alpha lattice design with three replications. Eight heat tolerance indices, which were most frequently used in plant breeding including, geometric mean productivity (GMP), yield index (YI), mean productivity (MP), stress susceptibility index (SSI), stress tolerance index (STI), tolerance index (TOL), sensitivity heat index (SHI) and relative heat index (RHI) were calculated based on seed yield under heat stress (Ys) and non – heat stress (Yp) conditions. Under both environments, the results from combined analysis of variance showed that there were highly significant differences among the genotypes for all traits studies. There were highly significant differences observed among the tested chickpea genotypes response to heat stress. Seed yield in stress (Ys) condition was positive and highly significant correlated with geometric mean productivity, yield index, stress tolerance index and relative heat index. The Ys was negative and highly significant correlated with stress susceptibility index and sensitivity heat index. Seed yield in non-stress (Yp) condition was positive and significant correlated with geometric mean productivity, yield index, stress tolerance index and tolerance index. The results of this research showed that the six indices, GMP, YI, SSI, STI, SHI and RHI can be used as optimal indicators for screening heat tolerant chickpea genotypes. Nine genotypes including four released improved varieties (Shiekh Mohamed, Wad Hamid, Salwa and Hwata) and five genotypes (no. 11, 4, 26, 30 and 34) are most stable chickpea genotypes for heat tolerance and can be further used in breeding program. These genotypes can be used in the chickpea national breeding program to develop varieties with improved heat tolerance in Sudan. Genotype no. 11 (FLIP 08-59 C) was release by Sudan national variety release committee for commercial production under the name Elbarkal in September 2022 to will be grown in Gezira, River Nile and Northern States of Sudan.
Dec 2022 DOI 10.14302/issn.2473-1005.jdoi-22-4360
Millstein PhilipCorresponding author
Department of Restorative Dentistry, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA. USA
Contact intensity is a significant factor in immoveable implant restorations. This study visually compares the use of four occlusal contact indicators one of which measures contact intensity and surface area in a single subject. The need for an occlusal contact indicator that can be used with fixed implant restorations is examined. Three contact indicators used in practice are visually compared to a novel system where pressure sensitive information and surface area can be evaluated numerically and stored. Findings suggest that intensity and surface area should be measured upon implant placement. Limitations of this observational study are discussed. Directions for future research and more systematic study are offered
Oct 2022 DOI 10.14302/issn.2381-862X.jwrh-22-4315
Nazempour AnahitaCorresponding author
OB/Gynecologist, fellowship of infertility and IVF, Sarem fertility and infertility research center (SAFIR), Sarem women’s hospital, Tehran, Iran.
Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a serious multifactorial disorder. This study intended to assess the effect of cinnamon supplementation on estradiol level, and fasting- and two-hour (2 hpp) insulin and sugar levels in women with PCOS. Material and Methods This study was a double-blinded randomized clinical trial (RCT), conducted between January 2019 until December 2020, at Gynecology Clinic Sarem Women’s Hospital in Tehran, Iran. Patients with PCOS, 130 subjects (65 person/ group) were diagnosed using Rotterdam diagnostic criteria. All participants received daily treatment consisting of 1500 mg metformin and 1000 mg cinnamon per day for 12 weeks. An evaluation of serum AMH level was conducted before and after the completion of therapy. Results Cinnamon supplementation significantly reduced the estradiol, fasting glucose and 2hpp glucose, fasting insulin and 2 hpp insulin, BMI and weight levels after intervention. The highest reduction was observed in fasting glucose, 2 hpp insulin, and estradiol groups after intervention (P<0.05). There was a significant difference between the means of BMI (P<0.01), fasting sugar (P<0.01), and 2 hpp glucose (P<0.01) before and after intervention. Conclusion Cinnamon supplementation, as a safe herbal product, can be prescribed with metformin to improve the symptoms and complications of PCOS.
Oct 2022 DOI 10.14302/issn.2576-9359.jot-22-4303
Morteza Bagheri SeyedCorresponding author
Department of Radiology, School of medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences
Background Doppler ultrasonography can evaluate vascular and renal parenchymal disorders. In this study, color Doppler patterns in transplanted kidneys were compared with histological diagnosis to develop diagnostic models for transplanted kidney failure. Method 45 kidney transplant patients participated in this prospective study (16 suffered acute tubular necrosis (ATN), and 29 had transplant rejection). All patients had color-Doppler ultrasonography to measure kidney parameters and Doppler indices. Serum creatinine levels also assessed the transplanted kidney's function. Result Ultrasound showed a significant difference between the two groups in iliac and interlobar PSV. The ROC analysis showed a high diagnostic value of the iliac artery PSV, in distinguishing ATN from kidney transplant rejection. Serum creatinine level correlated directly with transplanted kidney volume, renal cortical thickness, and transplanted kidney length, and inversely with interlobar artery PSV and EDV. In graft rejection patients, the only significant inverse correlation was found between serum creatinine level and PSV of the iliac artery and EDV of the intrelobar artery. Discussion and conclusion The iliac artery PSV can differentiate between ATN and rejection after renal transplantation. Evaluation of renal metric parameters along with PSV and EDV of the interlobar artery (in patients with ATN) and iliac artery and interlobar artery (in transplant rejection) help determine renal dysfunction.
May 2022 DOI 10.14302/issn.2379-7835.ijn-22-4190
Bartle JodieCorresponding author
Department of Nutrition & Food Services, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne.
Background Nutrition support during the acute phase post allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is required to optimise short- and long-term outcomes for children. An algorithm was developed and evaluated to assist clinicians to make objective and consistent enteral feeding decisions. Methods The algorithm was evaluated on all patients who underwent allogeneic HSCT treatment between November 2017 - February 2019. Results Of the 48 patients, 43 had a nasogastric tube (NGT) inserted, of which 36 patients received a hydrolysed peptide-based formula, 5 patients received a whole protein formula only and 2 patients were fed an amino acid-based formula. Parenteral nutrition (PN) was used in 41 of the patients. Eleven did not have an NGT in-situ at the commencement of HSCT. Of the remaining 37 patients, 26 followed the algorithm and 11 patients did not comply. The group of patients who did not follow the algorithm had the longest median length of stay (LOS) of 49 days. Patients receiving only EN had the lowest median LOS of 30 days. The two groups that reported better weight outcomes were those who followed the algorithm and those who were fully EN fed. Conclusions Effective use of the HSCT feeding algorithm indicated improved patient outcomes for children undergoing HSCT, with better weight outcomes and reduced LOS. Recommendations to improve the efficacy and compliance of the algorithm include regular education/input to the oncology medical teams to better understand objective thresholds for EN and PN commencement.
Jan 2022 DOI 10.14302/issn.2766-8681.jcsr-21-3762
N. Moos EvgenyCorresponding author
RGU named for S.Esenin, Ryazan, Russia
Diagnosis of heart rate variability as an indicator of the impact of external and internal media can serve to make changes in the educational environment. The approach to the organization of the educational process is developed on the basis of quantitative indicators of the students’ functional state using the hardware-software complex " Varikard ".
Oct 2021 DOI 10.14302/issn.2639-3166.jar-21-3872
Hassan Dahab MohamedCorresponding author
Department of Agric Eng. – College of Agriculture- University of Khartoum.
Sugar cane production requires a number of operations to be carried out in the field through number of implements and machines. Therefore, time consuming and required large amount of energy. A combined field cultivator was designed in Kenana agricultural implements factory (KAIF) to carry out at one time multi operations (cultivation, furrow-reforming and Fertilizer placement). This is to increase field productivity, reduce farm power and lower operation time and cost. The combined implement was evaluated in Kenana cultivation fields and compared with three individual implements, rigid tine cultivator, furrow-reformer and fertilizer applicator. The measured parameters were drawbar pull, power requirements, field capacity, fuel consumption and total time in the field. The results showed highly significant differences at 1% level between the different implements for the field capacity, fuel consumption and significant differences at 5% for the drawbar pull. A power requirement in (kW) for the combined cultivator was 77% of those individual implements. Total time per feddan to accomplish the required operations by the combined cultivator was 57% of that required by the individual implements. Fuel consumption was reduced to 57% when combined implement was used compared to that consumed by individual implements. It was concluded that the combined cultivator was effective in increasing field productivity and reducing power and cost of operation.
Jul 2021 DOI 10.14302/issn.2766-8681.jcsr-21-3885
Jana SnehasisCorresponding author
Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Thane (W), Maharashtra, India.
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response to a confirmed or suspected infection. The transition from sepsis to septic shock causes high rate of mortality. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of the Biofield Energy Treated (Blessed) Proprietary Test Formulation and Biofield Energy Healing (Blessing) Treatment per se to Sprague Dawley rats on Cecal Slurry, LPS, and E. coli-induced systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) model. In this experiment, various proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, 1L-17, and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) were analysed using ELISA. A test formulation was formulated including minerals (magnesium, zinc, calcium, selenium, and iron), vitamins (ascorbic acid, pyridoxine HCl, vitamin E, cyanocobalamin, and cholecalciferol), Panax ginseng extract, β-carotene, and cannabidiol isolate. The constituents of the test formulation were divided into two parts; one section was defined as the untreated test formulation, while the other portion of the test formulation and three group of animals received Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely for about 3 minutes by a renowned Biofield Energy Healer Mr. Mahendra Kumar Trivedi. The level of TNF-α was significantly reduced by 40.50%, 85.36% (p≤0.01), 50.66% (p≤0.01), 87.38% (p≤0.01), and 58.63% (p≤0.01) in G5 (Cecal Slurry, LPS, and E. coli + Biofield Energy Treated test formulation), G6 (Cecal Slurry, LPS, and E. coli + Biofield Energy Treatment per se to animals from day -15), G7 (Cecal Slurry, LPS, and E. coli + Biofield Energy Treated test formulation from day -15), G8 (Cecal Slurry, LPS, and E. coli + Biofield Energy Treatment per se + Biofield Energy Treated test formulation from day -15), and G9 (Cecal Slurry, LPS, and E. coli + Biofield Energy Treatment per se animals + untreated test formulation) groups, respectively as compared to the disease control (G2) group. Additionally, the level of IL-1β was decreased by 17.04%, 15.56%, and 12.59% in G6, G8, and G9 groups, respectively as compared to the untreated test formulation (G4) group. The level of IL-6 was significantly (p≤0.001) reduced by 36.18%, 50.24%, 43.25%, 52.69%, and 38.23% in the G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively as compared to the G2 group. The level of IL-10 was altered by 70.53%, 49.25%, 60.18%, 41.54%, and 58.89% in G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively as compared to the G2 group. Moreover, the level of IL-12 was decreased by 30.24%, 31.67%, 29.82%, 45.77%, and 50.54% in the G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively as compared to the G2. The level of IL-17 was reduced by 48.75%, 59.61%, 59.28%, 62.49%, and 58.65% in the G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively as compared to the G2. IFN-γ expression was reduced by 49.56%, 24.09%, 23.7%, 56.98%, and 44.94% in G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively than G2. Overall, the data suggested anti-inflammatory potentials of the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation and Biofield Energy Treatment per se along with preventive measure on the animal with respect to various inflammatory conditions that might be beneficial various types of systemic inflammatory disorders specially sepsis, trauma, septic shock or any types of injuries. Therefore, the results showed the significant slowdown the inflammation-related disease progression and its complications in preventive treatment groups viz. G6, G7, G8, and G9.
Jul 2021 DOI 10.14302/issn.2329-9487.jhc-21-3848
Jana SnehasisCorresponding author
Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Thane (W), Maharashtra, India.
Study was aimed to evaluate effect of Biofield Treated Proprietary Formulation and Biofield Treatment per se on cardiac performance on NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME) and high fat diet (HFD)-induced cardiovascular disorders in Sprague Dawley rats. Nine groups were assigned, in which four were preventive maintenance groups. The constituents of test formulation were divided into two parts; one section was defined as the untreated test formulation, while the other portion of the test formulation and three groups of animals received Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely for about 3 minutes by a renowned Biofield Energy Healer, Mr. Mahendra Kumar Trivedi. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was significantly (p≤0.001) decreased by 13.39%, 14.65%, 17.74%, 14.36%, and 14.69% in the G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively as compared to disease control (G2) group. Diastolic blood pressure (DBP)was significantly (p≤0.001) reduced by 25.95%, 24.41%, 30.79%, 24.67%, and 25.23% in G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively than G2. Heart rate (HR) was significantly (p≤0.05) reduced by 6.58%, 8.06%, and 6.99% in G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively than G2. Total leucocyte count (TLC) count was increased by 12.8% and 17.45% in G5 and G8 groups, respectively than G2 group. Neutrophils and lymphocytes were increased by 60.11% (G8) and 11.49% (G5), respectively than G2. Eosinophils were reduced by 11.11%, 20%, and 15% in G6, G7, and G9 groups, respectively than G2. Total cholesterol was significantly decreased by 22.64% (p≤0.05), 15.78%, 25.56% (p≤0.05), 22.56%, and 34.27% in G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively than G2. Triglyceride was significantly (p≤0.001) reduced by 34.55%, 43.29%, 55.23%, 28.57%, and 37.28% in G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively than G2. VLDL level was also significantly (p≤0.001) reduced by 80.81%, 83.61%, 86.82%, 79.19%, and 81.63% in G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 group, respectively; while LDL was reduced by 20.32% (G9) group than G2. Atherogenic index (AI) was significantly (p≤0.001) decreased by 78.36%, 83.21%, 84.68%, 74.06%, and 72.98% in the G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively than G2. The level of uric acid (UA) was significantly (p≤0.001) decreased by 57.51%, 52.36%, 45.49%, 43.78%, and 40.77% in the G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups respectively, as compared with the G2 group. Serum glutamate pyruvate transaminases (SGPT) was significantly (p≤0.001) decreased by 45.96%, 48.01%, 37.19%, 37.69%, and 42.93% in the G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively than G2. Creatine kinase myocardial band (CK-MB) level was significantly reduced by 10.19%, 21.97% (p≤0.01), 10.47%, and 16.94% in the G5, G6, G7, and G9 groups, than G2. Overall, the data suggested significance improvement of heart-related hematology, hepatic, and lipid parameters with respect to various pathological conditions that might be beneficial various types of cardiovascular disorders. Therefore, the results showed the significant slowdown the cardiovascular disease progression and its complications/symptoms in the preventive treatment groups viz. G6, G7, G8, and G9.
Jul 2021 DOI 10.14302/issn.2471-2140.jaa-21-3864
Jana SnehasisCorresponding author
Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Thane (W), Maharashtra, India.
The aim of this experiment was to assess the antioxidative potential of the Biofield Energy Treated/Blessed Proprietary Test Formulation and Biofield Energy Treatment/Blessing per se to the animals on NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME) and high fat diet (HFD)-induced cardiovascular disorders in Sprague Dawley rats using various functional biomarkers. A test formulation was formulated including minerals (magnesium, zinc, copper, calcium, selenium, and iron), vitamins (ascorbic acid, pyridoxine HCl, vitamin B9, vitamin B12, and vitamin D3), cannabidiol (CBD) isolate, Panax ginseng extract, and β-carotene. The test formulation’s constituents were divided into two parts; one part was denoted as the untreated, while the other part and three group of animals received Biofield Energy Healing/Blessing Treatment remotely for about 3 minutes by a renowned spiritual leader, Mr. Mahendra Kumar Trivedi. The expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was elevated significantly by 198.46%, 208.73%, 191.73%, 211.75%, and 198.82% in the G5 (L-NAME + HFD + the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation), G6 (L-NAME + HFD + Biofield Energy Treatment per se to animals from day -15), G7 (L-NAME + HFD + the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation from day -15), G8 (L-NAME + HFD + Biofield Energy Treatment per se plus the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation from day -15), and G9 (L-NAME + HFD + Biofield Energy Treatment per se animals plus the untreated test formulation) groups, respectively than disease control group (G2). Moreover, the level of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) was significantly increased by 61.94%, 118.49%, 82.96%, 141.89%, and 262.02% in the G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively as compared to the G2 group. Lipid peroxidase (LPO) was decreased by 14.21%, 30.98%, 38.66%, and 32.67% in the G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively than G2 group. Additionally, the level of myeloperoxidase (MPO) was decreased by 28.46%, 10.87%, 12.41%, and 13.35% in the G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively than G2. Further, the level of oxidized low density lipoprotein (LDL) was reduced by 65.38%, 65.11%, 71.53%, 79.26%, and 66.57% in the G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively than G2. Besides, in heart tissues, the level of catalase (CAT) was significantly increased by 68.20%, 63.69%, 126.03%, 124.54%, and 112.23% in G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively than G2 group. Moreover, in kidney tissues, the level of CAT was significantly increased by 22.48%, 23.43%, and 10.95% in the G6, G7, and G9 groups, respectively than G2. Overall, the data suggested a significant antioxidant activity by increasing the levels of SOD, CAT, GPx, and reducing the levels of LPO, MPO, and oxidized-LDL in various tissue fluids and that might be beneficial for cardiovascular disorders. Therefore, the study outcomes showed the significant slowdown the oxidative stress-related cardiovascular disease progression and its complications in the preventive treatment groups viz. G6, G7, G8, and G9.
Jul 2021 DOI 10.14302/issn.2471-2140.jaa-21-3846
Jana SnehasisCorresponding author
Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Thane (W), Maharashtra, India.
The aim of this experiment was to assess the antioxidative potential of the Biofield Energy Treated/Blessed Proprietary Test Formulation and Biofield Energy Treatment/Blessing per se to the animals on NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME) and high fat diet (HFD)-induced cardiovascular disorders in Sprague Dawley rats using various functional biomarkers. A test formulation was formulated including minerals (magnesium, zinc, copper, calcium, selenium, and iron), vitamins (ascorbic acid, pyridoxine HCl, vitamin B9, vitamin B12, and vitamin D3), cannabidiol (CBD) isolate, Panax ginseng extract, and β-carotene. The test formulation’s constituents were divided into two parts; one part was denoted as the untreated, while the other part and three group of animals received Biofield Energy Healing/Blessing Treatment remotely for about 3 minutes by a renowned spiritual leader, Mr. Mahendra Kumar Trivedi. The expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was elevated significantly by 198.46%, 208.73%, 191.73%, 211.75%, and 198.82% in the G5 (L-NAME + HFD + the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation), G6 (L-NAME + HFD + Biofield Energy Treatment per se to animals from day -15), G7 (L-NAME + HFD + the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation from day -15), G8 (L-NAME + HFD + Biofield Energy Treatment per se plus the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation from day -15), and G9 (L-NAME + HFD + Biofield Energy Treatment per se animals plus the untreated test formulation) groups, respectively than disease control group (G2). Moreover, the level of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) was significantly increased by 61.94%, 118.49%, 82.96%, 141.89%, and 262.02% in the G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively as compared to the G2 group. Lipid peroxidase (LPO) was decreased by 14.21%, 30.98%, 38.66%, and 32.67% in the G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively than G2 group. Additionally, the level of myeloperoxidase (MPO) was decreased by 28.46%, 10.87%, 12.41%, and 13.35% in the G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively than G2. Further, the level of oxidized low density lipoprotein (LDL) was reduced by 65.38%, 65.11%, 71.53%, 79.26%, and 66.57% in the G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively than G2. Besides, in heart tissues, the level of catalase (CAT) was significantly increased by 68.20%, 63.69%, 126.03%, 124.54%, and 112.23% in G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively than G2 group. Moreover, in kidney tissues, the level of CAT was significantly increased by 22.48%, 23.43%, and 10.95% in the G6, G7, and G9 groups, respectively than G2. Overall, the data suggested a significant antioxidant activity by increasing the levels of SOD, CAT, GPx, and reducing the levels of LPO, MPO, and oxidized-LDL in various tissue fluids and that might be beneficial for cardiovascular disorders. Therefore, the study outcomes showed the significant slowdown the oxidative stress-related cardiovascular disease progression and its complications in the preventive treatment groups viz. G6, G7, G8, and G9.
Jul 2021 DOI 10.14302/issn.2690-6759.jpar-21-3844
O. Oshadu DavidCorresponding author
Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria.
Acanthus montanusNees T. Anderson (Acanthaceae) has been employed in folk medicine for treatment of different kinds of ailment, but there is dearth of documented information on its therapeutic activities against parasites. In this study, pulverized Acanthus montanusleaf was subjected to four different extraction techniques. The percentage of yields were 25.58%, 31.42%, 11.58% and 3.00% weight by weight (w/w) of crude ethanol extract (CEE), aqueous (AQ), n-butanol (BUT) and chloroform (CHLO) portions, respectively. All the extracts, excluding the chloroform portion were administered to worm-infested mice per os at dose of 1.2 g/kg, 1.4 g/kg, 1.7 g/kg and 2.0 g/kg each for five days consecutive. Mice were euthanized and the adult worm counted for rates of deparasitization. The aqueous extract did not cause significant deparasitization even at the highest dose of 2.0 g/kg. The CEE caused significant (p<0.05) deparasitization rate of 72.35% at 2.0 g/kg dose. The n-butanol portion caused significant (p<0.05) deparasitization rates at doses between 1.4 mg/kg and 2.0 mg/kg (86.17% and 97.04% respectively) compared to figures from distilled water-treated mice (Control) as well as those from mice treated with the aqueous or crude ethanol portion. The 97.04% deparasitization produced by the 2.0 g/kg dose was not stastistically different (p>0.05) from the 100% deparasitization obtained using albendazole at the manufacturer’s recommended dose of 10 mg/kg. This study has demonstrated that the n-butanol extract of Acanthus montanus leaf has profound anthelmintic activity against experimental Heligmosomoidesbakeri infection in mice. Further phytochemical analysis and evaluation is being advocated in large animals and possibly human subjects.
Jul 2021 DOI 10.14302/issn.2474-7785.jarh-21-3850
Jana SnehasisCorresponding author
Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Thane (W), Maharashtra, India.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of the Biofield Treated/Blessed proprietary test formulation consisting of essential ingredients viz. minerals (zinc, magnesium, iron, and copper) and vitamins (B6, B12, and D3) in male Sprague Dawley rats. Each ingredient of the test formulation was divided into two parts. One part was denoted as the control without any Biofield Energy Healing Treatment/Blessing, while the other part was defined as the Biofield Energy Treated/Blessed sample, which received the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment/Blessing by a renowned Biofield Energy Healer, Mr. Mahendra Kumar Trivedi remotely. Additionally, three group of animals were also received Biofield Energy Treatment per se (at day -15) under similar conditions. The parameters were assessed such as immune biomarkers (IgM, IgG, IgA, IgE, CD4+, CD8+, and CD28+), biochemistry and hematology and histopathology. The experimental results showed IgG level was significantly increased by 10.70% and 8.03% in the G6 (Biofield Energy Treatment per se at day -15) and G8 (Biofield Treatment per se to animals plus Biofield Treated test formulation from day -15) groups, respectively as compared with untreated test formulation (G4). Additionally, CD8+ count was significantly increased by 20.67% in the G8 group, while CD28+ count was significantly increased by 11.70%, 8.32%, and 9.82% in the G7 (Biofield Energy Treated test formulation at day -15), G8, and G9 (Biofield Treatment per se (day -15) to animals plus untreated test formulation) groups, respectively after Biofield Energy Treatment to the animals as compared with the untreated test formulation. In hematological analysis, platelet count was increased in the G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups by 40.69%, 27.95%, 26.67%, 38.58%, and 28.28%, respectively compared with the disease control (G2) group. Biochemical parameters showed significant decrease in the level of creatinine by 32.14% in the G9 group as compared with the G2 group. Further, animal body weight, feed intake, relative organ weight, and histopathological findings of all the tested groups did not show any abnormal findings with respect to the safe and non-toxic treatment strategies. Overall, the experimental data concluded that the Biofield Energy Treated/Blessed test formulation showed considerable improved cellular and humoral immune response as compared with the untreated test formulation. Thus, the Trivedi Effect®-Biofield Energy Healing Treatment per se and the test formulation has the significant capacity for immunomodulatory effect, stress management and anti-aging by improving overall health.
Jun 2021 DOI 10.14302/issn.2574-4488.jna-21-3847
Jana SnehasisCorresponding author
Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Thane (W), Maharashtra, India.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of Biofield Energy Treated/Blessed Proprietary Test Formulation and Biofield Energy Treatment/Blessing per se on kidney biomarkers on L-NAME and high fat diet (HFD)-induced cardiovascular disorders in Sprague Dawley rats. In this experiment, the functional kidney biomarkers such as epinephrine/adrenaline, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), angiotensin-II, C-reactive protein (CRP), and renin were measured using ELISA assay. A test formulation was formulated including minerals (magnesium, zinc, copper, calcium, selenium, and iron), vitamins (vitamin C, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin B9, and vitamin D3), cannabidiol (CBD) isolate, Panax ginseng extract, and β-carotene. The components of the test item were divided into two; one section was defined as the untreated test formulation, while the other part and three group of animals received Mr. Mahendra Kumar Trivedi’s Biofield Energy healing/Blessing remotely for about 3 minutes. The results showed that the level of adrenaline was reduced by 31.62%, 19.58%, 34.32%, 37.07%, and 29.87% in the G5 (L-NAME + HFD + the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation), G6 (L-NAME + HFD + Biofield Energy Treatment per se to animals from day -15), G7 (L-NAME + HFD + the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation from day-15), and G8 (L-NAME + HFD + Biofield Energy Treatment per se plus the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation from day-15), and G9 (L-NAME + HFD + Biofield Energy Treatment per se animals plus the untreated test formulation) groups, respectively as compared to the disease control group (G2). Moreover, the level of iNOS was reduced by 56.76%, 49.51%, 61.79%, 57.63%, and 62.44% in the G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively, as compared to the disease control group (G2). Additionally, the level of angiotensin-II was decreased by 41.09%, 34.92%, 60.65%, 53.28%, and 60.09% in the G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively, as compared to the G2 group. The level of CRP was decreased by 47.21%, 38.89%, 59.81%, 55.52%, and 64.02% in the G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively as compared to the G2 group. Besides, the level of renin was decreased by 20.27%, 20.13%, 12.99%, and 25.73% in the G5, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively as compared to the G2 group. Overall, the data suggested significance improvement of vital functional kidney biomarkers of the Biofield Energy Treated/Blessed test formulation and Biofield Energy Treatment per se along with preventive measure on the animal with respect to various pathological conditions that might be beneficial various types of cardiovascular disorders. Therefore, the results showed the significant slowdown the inflammation-related cardiovascular disease progression and its complications/symptoms in the preventive Biofield Energy Treatment group per se and/or Biofield Energy Treated/Blessed Test formulation groups (viz. G6, G7, G8, and G9).
Apr 2021 DOI 10.14302/issn.2576-6694.jbbs-21-3773
Jana SnehasisCorresponding author
Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Thane (W), Maharashtra, India.
L-tryptophan is an essential α-amino acid, necessary for the normal growth in newborns, nitrogen balance in adults, protein synthesis, precursor of serotonin, melatonin, niacin, and albeit inefficiently in human, also the precursor of indole alkaloids and auxins in plants. This current study was designed to investigate the impact of the Trivedi Effect®-Biofield Energy Healing Treatment (Blessing) on the structural properties and the isotopic abundance ratio of L-tryptophan using LC-MS analytical technique. L-tryptophan sample was divided into two parts, one part of L-tryptophan was considered as the control sample (no Biofield Energy Treatment was provided), while the second part was treated with the Trivedi Effect®-Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment/Blessing remotely by a renowned Biofield Energy Healer, Dahryn Trivedi and termed as the treated sample. The mass spectra of both the control and treated samples with respect to the chromatographic peak at retention time (Rt) 2.1 minutes exhibited the mass of the molecular ion peak adduct with hydrogen ion at m/z 205.08 (calcd for C11H13N2O2+, 205.1), along with low molecular fragmented mass peaks at m/z 188, 159, and 102 for C11H12N2O2+, C10H11N2+, and C8H6+, respectively were also observed. The isotopic abundance ratio of PM+1/PM (2H/1H or 13C/12C or 15N/14Nor17O/16O) in the treated L-tryptophan was significantly increased by 35.93% compared with the control sample. Hence,the 13C, 2H, 15N, and 17O contributions from C11H13N2O2+ to m/z 206.08 in the treated L-tryptophan was significantly increased compared to the control sample. It could be hypothesized that the changes in the isotopic abundance and mass peak intensities due to the modification in nuclei possibly through the interference of neutrino particles using the Trivedi Effect®-Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment. The Biofield Energy Treated/Blessed L-tryptophan with increased stable isotopic abundance ratio might have changed the physicochemical properties with higher force constant in the molecule. The new form of treated L-tryptophan would be a better and more stable in the supplements, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical formulations, which would be advantageous for the prevention and treatment of pellagra, depression, kynurenine. It could also maintain the normal label of tryptophan and avoid increase of its metabolite, lower the neurotoxin and a metabotoxin behavior, glutaric aciduria type I (glutaric acidemia type I) disorder, eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome (EMS), incurable and sometimes fatal flu-like neurological condition, etc. As tryptophan is the precursor for the plant hormones like indole alkaloids and auxins, hence, this treated L-tryptophan would be advantageous for the improvement of yield, productivity, and quality of crops and other plants.
Mar 2021 DOI 10.14302/issn.2470-5020.jnrt-21-3755
Jana SnehasisCorresponding author
Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Thane (W), Maharashtra, India.
A novel proprietary test formulation was designed which included minerals, vitamins, β-carotene, cannabidiol isolate,and Panax ginseng extract. This present study was evaluated the impact of the Trivedi Effect® on novel proprietary test formulation in male Sprague Dawley rats, fed with vitamin D3 deficiency diet (VDD). The novel test formulation was divided into two parts; one part was defined as untreated test formulation, while the other part was defined as the Biofield Energy Treated sample, which received the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment by renowned Biofield Energy Healer, Mr. Mahendra Kumar Trivedi. The level of 25-OH Vit. D3 was measured in brain homogenate, which was found to be increased by 20.13%, 24.12%, 45.86%, 14.79%, and 29.96% in the G5 group treated with Biofield Treated test formulation, Biofield Energy Treatment per se to the animals (G6), 15 days pre-treatment of Biofield Energy Treated test formulation (G7), Biofield Energy Treatment per se plus Biofield Energy Treated test formulation from day -15 (G8), and untreated test formulation to the Biofield Energy Treated animals (G9) groups respectively, as compared with the disease control (G2) group. Brain acetylcholine (ACh) level was increased by 61.33% in the G7 group as compared with the untreated test formulation (G4) group. The expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) was significantly reduced by 43.44% (p≤0.01), 30.93%, 21.42%, 45.99% (p≤0.01), and 60.85% (p≤0.01), respectively as compared with the G4. Lung pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) level was significantly reduced in the G5, G6, G7, and G8 by 24.86%, 32.55% (p≤0.01), 30.12% (p≤0.01), and 42.69% (p≤0.01), respectively, as compared with the G4 group. Altogether, the Biofield Treated test formulation and/or per se treatment to the animals significantly improved the levels of active form of vitamin D3 metabolite (25-OH Vit D3) and neurotransmitter (ACh); consequently significantly lowered the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α). Therefore, the energized test formulation or per se treatment could be effectively useful against neuronal damage and inflammation for the management of brain disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, dementias, brain cancer, epilepsy and other seizure disorders, mental disorders, and Parkinson’s. Thus, the results showed a significant slowdown of disease progression and all other disease-related complications/symptoms in the preventive Biofield Energy Treatment group per se and the Biofield Energy Treated Test formulation groups (viz. G6, G7, G8, and G9) as compared to the disease control group.
Feb 2021 DOI 10.14302/issn.2638-4469.japb-21-3697
Rani RadhikaCorresponding author
Department of Botany, Samrat Prithviraj Chauhan Government College, Ajmer, India(305001)
Medicinal plants Tephrosia villosaand Cassia tora (Linn.) are belongs to the family Fabaceae and widely distributed in India and other tropical regions. Different parts (roots, stem, leaves and seeds) of the both plants have been used in various traditional medicare systems for ailments of human being. In the present study deals with the evaluation of pharmacognostic parameters in terms of the macro and micro-morphological characters and quantitative profiles of the leaves of Tephrosia villosa andCassia tora(Linn.). The observations of the current study can be useful for identification, standardization and authentication of plants.
Feb 2021 DOI 10.14302/issn.2328-0182.japst-21-3700
Y. Alkarib SuadCorresponding author
Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Karary University, Sudan
Objectives The present study addresses evaluation of acacia-guar gum combination as an enteric former for tablet coating aiming to add knowledge on how develop the ability of enteric forming ability of acacia-guar combination. Methods Five formulations of enteric coating solution incorporating guar gum as delayed release polymers along with film coating material acacia gum followed by CMC and glycerin as plasticizer and coloring agents were prepared to coat placebo tablet cores. Different enteric coating formulations organized in different acacia : guar gum ratios as 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 and 1:6 were sprayed on placebo tablets surface resulted different delayed coated tablets (F1,F2,F3,F4 &F5) respectively. General appearance and physical parameters were evaluated of each. Enteric coated tablets that revealed promising properties were subjected to accelerated stability study for 3 months to explore the influences of physical aging on tablet coat properties. Results Physical parameters of enteric coated tablets post coating within the range of pharmacopeia specification. The disintegration test was carried out in pH 1.2 and pH 6.8 at 37ºC. F1, F2 and F3 enteric tablets disintegrated immediately with no acid resistance compared F4 and F5 enteric tablets showed good acid resistance coat with smooth tablet surfaces and no coat defects. F5 formula contain acacia: guar gum as 1:6 ratio showed delayed release for 30min in pH 1.2 and 15min in phosphate buffer. The study statistically analyzed and concluded that, an efficient and stable acacia-guar enteric coat is achievable with no effect on tablets physical parameters. Guar gum at 60% as a delayed tablet coating material capable of protecting the tablets core from being released in acidic media and be release in the alkaline buffer as well as stable coat under accelerated storage for three months.
Feb 2021 DOI 10.14302/issn.2377-2549.jndc-21-3722
Jana SnehasisCorresponding author
Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Thane (W), Maharashtra, India.
Iron sulphate is used in the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia and other chronic disorders such as heart and kidney diseases. This study has the objective to analyze the impact of The Trivedi Effect®-Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment on the physicochemical, spectroscopic and thermal properties of iron sulphate using various analytical techniques. In this, the test compound, i.e., iron sulphate was divided into two parts; one as control (without Biofield Energy Treatment), and the other as Biofield Energy Treated, which received the Biofield Energy Treatment remotely by the renowned Healer, Mr. Mahendra Kumar Trivedi. The PXRD analysis of the Biofield Energy Treated sample showed significant alterations in the range of -39.49 to 301.40% in the relative intensities, and from -15.40 to 33.36% in the crystallite sizes, compared with the control sample. The average crystallite size of the treated sample was also increased by 4.98% as compared to the control sample. The particle sizes in the treated sample at d10, d50, d90 and D(4,3) values were significantly increased by 67.12%, 47.72%, 33.18% and 42.01%, respectively; whereas, the specific surface area was significantly reduced by 38.39%, compared with the control sample. The TGA thermograms showed three steps of thermal degradation in which, the weight loss of Biofield Energy Treated sample in the first and second step was reduced by 5.82% and 16.09%, respectively, while, it was increased by 6.78% in the third step, compared to the control sample. The total weight loss in the treated sample was also reduced by 2.76%, along with slight alteration in the maximum thermal decomposition temperature, compared with the control sample. The DSC analysis showed the decrease in the melting temperatures of the 1st, 2nd and 4th peaks by 8.24%, 19.29%, and 0.61%, respectively, while 4.57% increase in the 3rd peak of the treated sample, compared with the control sample. The latent heat of fusion (ΔH) corresponding to the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th peaks of the treated sample also showed alterations by -92.29, -86.29, 60.92, and 6.37%, respectively, compared with the control sample. The Trivedi Effect®-Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment might produce a novel polymorphic form of iron sulphate having increased crystallite and particle size along with enhanced thermal stability. It may help in improving the quality, safety and stability during the process of handling, storage, and shipment of the iron sulphate with better therapeutic response against iron deficiency anaemia.
Feb 2021 DOI 10.14302/issn.2471-2140.jaa-21-3704
Jana SnehasisCorresponding author
Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Thane (W), Maharashtra, India.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the antioxidant potential of Biofield Energy Healing (the Trivedi Effect®) based test formulation using TNBS-induced colitis animal model. Each ingredient of the test formulation was divided into two parts. One part was denoted as the control without any Biofield Energy Treatment, while the other part was treated with Biofield Energy Treatment by Mr. Mahendra Kumar Trivedi and defined as the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation. The colon tissue was used for the estimation of anti-oxidation activity for catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation (LPO) product, myeloperoxidase (MPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) using standard procedure. The antioxidant results showed that the CAT level was significantly increased by 95.4% (p≤0.001), 72.3%, 47.6%, and 13.9% in the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation (G5), Biofield treatment per se to animals (-15 days)(G6), Biofield Energy Treatment per se to animals plus Biofield Energy Treated test formulation (-15 day) (G8), and Biofield Energy Treatment per se to animals plus untreated test formulation (G9) groups, respectively as compared to the untreated test formulation group (G4). Further, colon GSH activity was found to be significantly increased by 23.2% (p≤0.05) 15.4%, and 15.5%, in G5, G6, and G9 groups, respectively with respect to G2 group. In addition, colon LPO activity data suggested that it was decreased by 12%, 17%, 18%, and 19.1% in G5, G6, Biofield Energy Treated test formulation (-15 day) (G7), and G8 groups, respectively, as compared with the G2 group. The level of MPO showed a significant (p≤0.001) reduced level by 27.9%, 22%, 14.5%, 16.6%, and 25.3% in G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively as compared with the G2 group. The level of colon SOD was increased by 16.7% and 14.2% in the G5 and G9 groups, respectively as compared with the untreated test formulation, G4 group. Colon GPx level was increased by 177.6%, 71.4%, 71.4%, 161.2%, and 114.3% in G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively as compared with the G2 group. Thus, it can be concluded that the Trivedi Effect®-Consciousness Energy Healing based test formulation and Biofield Energy per se has significant colon anti-oxidation profile, which can be used to improve many autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, stress management and prevention, and anti-aging by improving overall health.
Jan 2021 DOI 10.14302/issn.2639-3166.jar-20-3677
Faruk IqbalCorresponding author
Principal Scientific Officer, Plant Pathology Division, BARI
The experiments were conducted in the fields of Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur during 2016-17, 2017-18 and 2018-19 cropping years to evaluate the organic and vermi composts for mass culturing of biological control agent Trichoderma harzianum and toobserve the effect of formulated T.harzianum designated as Tricho-vermi-compost and Tricho-organic-compost as well as organic compost, vermi-compost and chemical fungicide Provax 200 WP against soil-borne pathogens, Sclerotium rolfsiiof groundnut causing foot and root rot/stem rot disease. The pathogen inoculated field soils were treated with Tricho-vermi-compost and Tricho-organic-compost, organic compost and vermi-compost 7 days before seed sowing where as seeds were treated with Provax 200 WP at the time of seed sowing. From this study it was revealed that all the treatments performed in reducing seedling mortality and increasing plant growth and yield of groundnut compared to control. Among the treatments, soil treatment with Tricho-vermi-compost and Tricho-organic-compost are the best treatments in reducing seedling mortality and increasing plant growth parameters and yield of groundnut which was significantly differed from the other treatments including control. Seed treatment with chemical fungicide Provax 200 WP and soil treatment with only vermin-compost and organic compost also promising treatments for management foot and root rot disease and increasing plant growth parameters as well as yield of groundnut compared to control.
Jan 2021 DOI 10.14302/issn.2766-8630.jrnm-20-3689
K Dhingra VandanaCorresponding author
Department of Nuclear Medicine AIIMS Rishikesh, India
The goal of this review is to assess the importance of various imaging modalities which can be used in assessing the viability and integrity of the bone allograft. As it is widely in use in majority of major and minor reconstructive procedures.
Dec 2020 DOI 10.14302/issn.2578-2371.jslr-20-3362
V. Shirale VaishaliCorresponding author
Department of Surgery, ESIC Medical College, Faridabad, Haryana, India
Background and Aim Gallbladder (GB) cancer is a highly fatal malignancy and approx. 10% new cases are diagnosed every year in India. The GB cancer has poor prognosis due to progressive nature. Understanding of risk factors that lead to GB development is urgently required for better management of the disease. Presence of stones in gall bladder generates varied mucosal reactions, which leads to different types of histopathological changes in mucosa. Here, our aim is to study the correlation between various types of mucosal responses e. g. inflammation, hyperplasia, metaplasia and carcinoma with different characteristics e. g. number and morphology of gallstones both in males and females. Materials and Methods A retrospective study of gallstones was performed on 438 cases of cholecystectomies operated laparoscopically based on the histological changes. Out of 438 cases, 394 (89.95%) were associated with gallstones and the rest 44 (10.05%) belonged to acalculous cholecystitis. The mucosal changes in calculous gall bladder were studied in 394 cases and its correlation with number and types of observed gallstones were evaluated. Tissue sections were taken from the fundus, body, neck and abnormal area of gallbladder for histopathological studies. Results Our study has revealed the higher incidence of inflammatory changes in males, while gall bladder hyperplasia, intestinal metaplasia and cancer cases were found mostly in females. Conclusion Our study showed that changes in the number and morphology of gallstones are directly associated with the mucosal changes in gallbladder e.g. inflammation, hyperplasia, metaplasia and gall bladder carcinoma.
Nov 2020 DOI 10.14302/issn.2473-1005.jdoi-20-3595
C SzuhanekCorresponding author
Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ‘Victor Babes’, Timisoara, Romania
Aesthetic and functional problems associated with significant facial asymmetry can negatively affect the patient's facial appearance, nutritional and psychosocial development. Therefore, a critical assessment and accurate treatment planning is absolutely necessary. The aim of this study was to evaluate the parameters of PA cephalometric analysis defined by Ricketts and Grummons and establish statistically relevant correlations and their importance in diagnosing orthodontic patients with varying degrees facial asymmetries. The research included facial asymmetry Romanian patients from the Department of Orthodontics and Dento-Facial Orthopedics of UMF "Victor Babes", Timisoara. The PA cephalogram investigations that met the inclusion criteria were digitally analyzed. Dental and skeletal cephalometric parameters described by Ricketts, Grummons and Kappeyne Van De Coppello were collected through linear, angular and volumetric measurements. Statistically significant correlations between the degree of asymmetry and the dimension of the internal structures were observed.Our conclusion is that PAcephalograms are cost effective and useful investigations in identifying and evaluating skeletal and dental imbalances in orthodontic facial asymmetry patients.
Nov 2020 DOI 10.14302/issn.2381-862X.jwrh-20-3501
Aboma DanielCorresponding author
Shenen Gibe General Hospital, Msc, IESO
Background A well-functioning drug supply management is the corner stone for any meaningful health service. However, Pharmaceutical supply systems in many developing countries have severe problems, including inefficient selection, procurement and use of drugs. The magnitude and extent of the problem is huge and chronic in the Ethiopian health care system for a long time. Objective To evaluate auditable pharmaceutical transaction service process in Seka primary hospital, Jimma zone south west Ethiopia. Evaluation Methodology Case study design involving both quantitative and qualitative methods was conducted in Seka primary hospital. The focus of this evaluation was on the process of Auditable pharmaceutical transaction service. The evaluation was focused on process part of the program with dimensions; availability, compliance and client satisfaction in the dimension of accommodation. Resource inventory, document review; key informant interviews and observations were conducted. Client satisfaction was assessed through exit interview; with sample size of 326. The qualitative data was analyzed manually using thematic analysis and quantitative data were analyzed by using SPSS version 23 software. Results In Seka primary hospital, percentage availability of the 32 selected Key medicinewas 10.7(82.0%) and there were no expired drugs found on their shelves. The availability of 17 of the required 20(85%) professionals was adequate according the Auditable pharmaceutical transaction service. The average lead time was found to be less than five days. The average counselling and dispensing time were 5:43 minutes and 1:17 minutes, respectively. The average number of drugs per prescription was 2.0. The 1154(97.9%) of drugs prescribed by generic name and 1175(99.7%) of prescribed drugs on Essential Drug List indicates prescribers ‘adherence to facility specific List. Conclusion This evaluation revealed that (based on the pre-set judgment criteria) the achievement of the Auditable pharmaceutical transaction service in Seka primary Hospital was GOOD 82.6 % (achieved 355.2 of 430 weight given), i.e. even though it is Good achievement ,there are areas that needs improvement. Areas for improvement identified were: Pre- and in-service training for all health workers involved in store room and dispensary to improve on the medium counselling time, poor record keeping and the extremely poor labelingof drugs which this all improve the overall client satisfaction.
Nov 2020 DOI 10.14302/issn.2692-5915.jafs-20-3601
Donald L. BureshCorresponding author
This paper evaluates the effect of the Estonian cyber incident on Estonia, Russia, the United States, the European Union, and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, also known as NATO. The paper employs the Valeriano and Maness criteria for evaluating a cyber incident critically. The article asks how did the Estonian cyber incident come to pass, what were the foreign policy and international relationship effects, what was the impact on Estonia, and how did Estonia react to the attack. The essay concludes that the Estonian cyber incident was a catalyst, prompting the nations listed herein to address the effects of cyber-attacks, and then search for acceptable solutions.
Sep 2020 DOI 10.14302/issn.2379-7835.ijn-20-3369
Kishan Gupta BalCorresponding author
Senior Professor, In-charge Medical ICU, Department. of Medicine, S.P.Medical College, Bikaner.
Background Since swine flu has been declared pandemic in 2009 it has become a major challenging public-health problem associated with high morbidity and mortality. 25(OH)D deficiency is also pandemic and has been reported to be clinically correlated with decreased immunity and respiratory infections. The possible role of vitamin D in infections is implied from its impact on the innate and adaptive immune responses. This study is planned to evaluate clinical significance of 25(OH)D status on course and outcome in hospitalized cases of swine flu and to compare it with normal healthy subjects living in the same vicinity to evaluate if vitamin D is having any protective effect. Material & Methods Present prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 79 RT-PCR confirmed cases of swine flu admitted during recent epidemic. All patients were evaluated thoroughly by clinical history physical examination and laboratory investigations as per Performa and followed-up during hospital stay. 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) estimation was done by electro-chemiluminescent Assay in all the cases and it was also done in 36 normal healthy family members of study patients living in the same vicinity (control group). Results High prevalence (70.9%) of low (≤30ng/ml) status of 25(OH)D was observed in cases of swine flu as compared to control group. 25(OH)D status was associated with severity of illness. Mean value of 25(OH)D in mechanically ventilated patients was 9.81±6.43 while it was 22.76±11.35 ng/ml in patients who do not required ventilation (p<0.05). Mean 25(OH)D level in patients who stayed in hospital for <5 days was 28.60±8.79 ng/ml, 24.18±11.67 for 6-10 days and 8.23±2.12 for >10 days (p<0.01). Mean value of 25(OH)D in patients who died was 9.59±5.90 ng/ml as compared to 23.13±11.62 ng/ml who survived (p<0.01). Conclusion Our study suggests that 25(OH)D may have preventive role for swine flu infection. Low level of 25(OH)D is associated with high morbidity in terms of increase requirement for mechanical ventilation, multiorgan dysfunction and long duration of hospital stay. 25(OH)D deficiency is associated with high mortality in swine flu. 25(OH)D status should be given due consideration in high risk patients especially during winter season.
Aug 2020 DOI 10.14302/issn.2328-0182.japst-20-3447
Taleb JihenCorresponding author
Laboratory of Active Biomolecules Valorisation, Higher Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine, University of Gabes, 4119 Medenine, Tunisia.
The cactus Opuntia ficus indica (L.) Mill. (Cactaceae) is widely used in Tunisian medicine for the treatment of various illnesses. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the antioxidant activities of cactus cladode extract (CCE) and to assess the protective effects of Opuntia ficus indica against osteoporosis induced by cadmium chloride in male Wistar rats. Adult male rats were divided into 4 groups of 9 each: a control group, a group injected with cadmium (3.5mg/kg) for 10 weeks, a group orally given a O. ficus indica cladodes aqueous extract (CCE) (100 mg /kg/day) for 10 weeks then treated with cadmium, and a group receiving only (CCE) for 10 weeks. Bone toxicity was estimated by examining femoral length and weight, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (ACP) levels in serum. Also, bone levels of calcium, phosphorus and vitamin C and bone mineral density (BMD) of femur diaphysis were measured. Alterations of these bone biomarkers and decreased BMD confirmed cadmium-induced bone toxicity. However, when cadmium was administered in rats given CCE, all the biological parameters underwent much less alteration. Administration of CCE was found to be beneficial by attenuating cadmium-induced femur damage. The protective effect of the plant is mainly attributed to its phenolic compounds that orchestrate antioxidant properties, as highlighted by HPLC-based analysis.
Jul 2020 DOI 10.14302/issn.2379-7835.ijn-20-3471
Yewande BAMIGBOYE AdeolaCorresponding author
Department of Science Laboratory Technology, The Polytechnic, Ibadan. Oyo State, Nigeria.
Spices have been frequently added to foods since ancient times, not only to enhance the taste but also as preservatives and medicinal agents. Their usage may be of concern due to possible contamination during processing and handling. The aim of this study was to investigate the physicochemical properties and heavy metals concentrations in some indigenous spices sold at two main markets namely Bodija and Apata markets in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. A total of eight commonly consumed spices were purposely analyzed for their proximate and mineral composition, physicochemical properties and anti-nutrients contents. Proximate analyses showed that the spices to contained (fresh matter ‘As consumed’) moisture content ranging from 11.74g in thyme to 59.36g/100g in scent leaves. Crude protein, fat, fibre, ash and carbohydrate contents ranged between 3.72 – 15.07g, 1.31 – 8.28g, 1.96 – 11.38g, 1.11 – 7.81g, and 17.80 – 50.77g/100g sample, respectively. All the spices contained high levels of potassium (176.3 – 739.6 mg), sodium (60.6 – 317 mg), calcium (78.5 – 423.9 mg), magnesium (82 – 322.1 mg) and iron (5.78 – 20.10 mg), but low levels of heavy metals – copper (0.17 – 0.68 mg), and manganese (0.32 – 1.05 mg)/100g respectively. Flavonoid was the most abundant phytochemical, while terpene was the least phytochemical in all the samples. The samples had very low concentrations of anti-nutrients, and could pose no threat to human health, as their values were within the regulatory standard. The antioxidants and phytochemicals in the spices can help in building up immunity and prevention of non-communicable diseases, hence, their consumption should be encouraged.
Jun 2020 DOI 10.14302/issn.2643-2811.jmbr-20-3402
Stanley Raj A.Corresponding author
Department of Physics, Loyola College, Chennai, Tamilnadu- 600034, India.
This research paper focuses on rainfall variations in Tamil Nadu, India using Wavelet, Linear regression and Artificial Neural Networks model from 2004 to 2017. As the rainfall is the key factor in understanding climate change, the seasonal datasets from 2004-2017 of Tamil Nadu state has been taken for study. The salient feature of this study is the application of Neural Networks and wavelet analysis. It reveals that the rainfall variations are ambiguous that it does not maintain a constant pattern. Wavelet coefficients of multiresolution spectrogram reveals that the intensity of rainfall in each year. Linear regression model divulge the pattern of rainfall followed in every season and the results show that except winter season all other season suffers deficient rainfall. The deficiency of rainfall may be due to different parameters like ElNino or LaNina pattern or global warming. Results showed that all seasons except winter does not maintain consistency in the rainfall variability. Winter season provides the positive slope values of 4.7 and 0.6 for January and February respectively. Moreover Artificial Neural Networks training provides prominent results of Regression value 0.98 which is comparably high with other seasons taken for study.
May 2020 DOI 10.14302/issn.2690-6759.jpar-20-3346
Abraham Dogo GoniCorresponding author
Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Jos, Jos – Nigeria
Coccidiosis in poultry is caused by protozoan parasites of the Eimeria species, which is responsible for worldwide economic losses. The aim of this study was to evaluated the therapeutic effect of NeemAzal® on Eimeria tenellain broiler Chickens as compared to Amprolium as a standard anticoccidial drug. A total of One Hundred and Sixty (160) broiler chicks were purchased, acclimatized and randomly divided into 4 groups (G1, G2, G3 & G4). G1 non-infected, non-treated (negative control), (G2) infected with 20000 E. tenella oocysts (positive control), (G3) infected and treated with Amprolium (Standard, 7 mg/kg b.w. for 5 days) and (G4) infected and treated with NeemAzal®200 mg/kg b.w. for 5 days). Evaluation was by clinical signs, performance data (weight gain, oocyst shed/gram faeces (OPG) and histopathology of the Caecum, Liver and Kidney. The data showed that birds infected with E. tenellahad an output of 1.3×105±3,333 oocysts per gram faeces on day 5 post inoculation. This output is significantly decreased to 0.37×105±3,111 oocysts in neem-treated birds. Infection with E. tenellainduced marked histopathological alterations in the caecum in the form of inflammation, vacuolation of the epithelium, and destruction of some villi. NeemAzal® decrease body weight loss of infected chickens. Moreover, the number of goblet cells stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) within the infected villi was significantly lowered (P≤0.05). The results revealed that chicks of G1 had the best performance data compared to G2, G3& G4. In G3 & G4 there were a remarkable improvement in the data on performance, clinical signs, gross and microscopically caecal lesions compared to G2. Amprolium (G3) was shown to be superior to NeemAzal® (G4) compared to G2. NeemAzal® could be a good alternative for use as a coccidiostat to supplement the expensive anti-coccidiostats in the market.
Mar 2020 DOI 10.14302/issn.2575-1212.jvhc-20-3256
di Virgilio FabrizioCorresponding author
DVM, Clinique Vétérinaire Vet24 – 59700 – Marcq en Baroeul, France
This pilot study aims to compare cardiorespiratory parameters in female dogs that underwent either laparoscopic or open elective gonadectomy with spontaneous ventilation anaesthesia. Records of 77 client-owned female dogs were reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups: laparoscopic surgery (L group, n 47) and open abdominal surgery (O group, n 30). The end-tidal carbon dioxide, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, heart rate, non-invasive arterial blood pressure and length of procedure were recorded and statistically evaluated. Once normality of the sample data has been assessed, equality between the groups was analysed with two-sample Student’s or Welch’s t-test, whether the hypothesis of variance equality, through an F-test, was verified or not. A value of p <0.05 was considered statistically significant. No statistically significant difference was found between groups regarding the end-tidal carbon dioxide, oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, heart rate, systolic and medium arterial pressure values. Mean diastolic pressure was lower in the L group. The procedure length between the two groups was statistically different: laparoscopy was shorter than open surgery. In spontaneously ventilating female dogs, the cardiorespiratory parameters evaluated seem not to be affected by the presence of pneumoperitoneum when intrabdominal pressure is kept between 8 and 10 mmHg. The pilot nature of the study and the shorter laparoscopic surgery length could bias these results. However, in the author’s opinion, these findings confirm the interest of laparoscopy and the small impact of this mini-invasive technique in healthy patients.
Mar 2020 DOI 10.14302/issn.2471-2175.jdrt-20-3274
L. Chiou WinCorresponding author
Chiou Consulting Inc, 8552 Johnston Road, Burr Ridge, Illinois 60527, United States
Pharmacodynamic modeling of sunscreens was performed using a new concept of Skin UV Index (SUI) on the exposed skin as a parameter to evaluate the potential effectiveness of sunscreens against sun damage. The SUI predicts the UV heat intensity on the skin surface in terms of the solar UV Index at the time of the study and is calculated by solar UV Index/sunscreen’s SPF. SUI numbers for sunscreen with SPF ranging from 2 to 100 under a solar UV Index of 10 was used for illustration. Based on guidelines from WHO, Australia and New Zealand, sunscreens yielding SUI < 3 are assumed to be effective against sun damage such as sunburn and melanoma. Based on the above assumption, sunscreens with SPF > 4 were found to be effective when sunscreens were evenly applied at 2 mg/cm2. Review of numerous studies suggests that missing applications may represent a major, seemingly unavoidable, SPF-independent factor causing unintended sunburns for sunbathers in the US and other countries with a temperate climate. This might in turn become a major factor for causing exponential increase in melanoma incidence rates observed in the last few decades. For example, in an SPF 30 sunscreen study all 25 participants suffered unintended sunburns after one week of sunbathing. Also, a mean missing application of 20% of the total exposed area and a mean missing of about 50% of the time were reported in two separate studies. Simulations were also performed with under-applications of 50% and 75%. The present simulations may provide a rationale of why routine use of a low SPF 8 sunscreen was reported to be effective against melanoma in a 2018 Australian study. Based on model simulations it is proposed that in the US, SPF 8 sunscreen and SPF 2 to 6 sunscreen may be adequate for routine, unintentional use for sun-sensitive populations and non-sun-sensitive populations, respectively.
Mar 2020 DOI 10.14302/issn.2575-1212.jvhc-20-3234
di Virgilio FabrizioCorresponding author
DVM, Clinique Vétérinaire Vet24 – 59700 – Marcq en Baroeul, France
Aim of the Research The aim of this study is to analyze a group of dogs of different breeds affected by osteosarcoma (OSA), to document any prevalence of this primary bone neoplasia in breeds that are phylogenetically close and to help with further research human medicine, as a model of study for prevalence and epidemiology of human OSA in multiple populations. Study Design Pilot study from two canine surgery databases between 2002 and 2013. Materials and Methods Breeds were classified in groups based on their phylogenetical proximity. Differences in prevalence of OSA between breeds and groups were evaluated with a permutation test. For each breed and each group, a ranking was made by calculating 95 % confidence intervals and counting the no-overlapping between breeds and groups. The relation between the dogs’ heights and the prevalence of OSA was analyzed using a logistic regression between the disease status and dog size. Results A total of 67 dogs with OSA, in 26 different breeds were included. Ten breeds were overrepresented and, the majority of these, were classified in 2 predisposed groups phylogenetically close to each other. The prevalence of OSA was associated with the dogs’ height within predisposed breeds, but, in general, taller breeds were not the most affected. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance In this study, despite the small number of dogs, we observed that the most commonly affected breeds with OSA are phylogenetically closely related. This highlights the importance of genetics in the aetiology of canine OSA . In this preliminary study, indications are given on breeds, samples and genome locations to be further investigated. This could allow identification of pathogenic alleles in dogs, and potentially in humans. Furthermore this pilot research can represent a model of epidemiologic study of human OSA.
Dec 2019 DOI 10.14302/issn.2574-4488.jna-19-3112
Aydin ZekiCorresponding author
Darica Farabi Training and Research Hospital, Department of Nephrology, Kocaeli, Turkey
Introduction Increased oxidative stress and blunted anti-oxidant mechanisms are important problems in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) act directly on proteins, leading to the formation of oxidized amino acids. Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) are among these substances. Many oxidant substances increase the level of AOPP. Iron is an element with strong oxidant capacity, especially when used intravenously. It is thought that iron treatment further increases the oxidative stress in HD patients. We aimed to investigate the relationship between AOPP and inflammatory status in HD patients. Materials and Methods Patients who were on maintenance HD program without additional co-morbidities and no history of use of intravenous iron within the last two weeks were recruited in the study. The blood samples taken just before the dialysis session were analyzed for AOPP, serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC), ferritin, C-reactive protein (CRP), ß2-microglobulin, fibrinogen, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α levels besides routine biochemical measurements and complete blood count. Results The number of patients included in the study was 102 (n: 53 female, %52.0) and the mean age was 47.6±13.9 years. The mean transferrin saturation was 25.4%. AOPP levels, iron use in patients was higher compared to patients who do not use (respectively 2.58±0.19 mmol/l and 2.50 ±0.16mmol/l, p = 0.046). We did not detect statistically significant correlation of AOPP levels with iron parameters and other inflammatory markers. Conclusion The present study showed that intravenous iron therapy does not increase oxidative stress. Although serum AOPP level was higher in patients on intravenous iron treatment, it was not correlated with iron indices and inflammatory markers. So, intravenous iron may exert its oxidant effect free from serum iron indices.
Nov 2019 DOI 10.14302/issn.2377-2549.jndc-19-3080
Jana SnehasisCorresponding author
Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Thane (W), India
Ofloxacin is a class of fluorinated quinolone antibiotics, useful against most of the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial infections. This study was designed to investigate the impact of the Trivedi Effect®-Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment on the structural properties and the isotopic abundance ratio of ofloxacin using LC-MS and GC-MS spectroscopy. Ofloxacin sample was divided into control and treated parts. The control ofloxacin did not receive the Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment, while the treated ofloxacin receives the Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment remotely by a renowned Biofield Energy Healer, Dahryn Trivedi. The LC-ESI-MS spectra of both the samples of ofloxacin at the retention time 3.05 minutes exhibited the mass of the protonated molecular ion peak at m/z 362.17 (M+H)+ (calculated for C18H21FN3O4+, 362.15). The LC-MS based isotopic abundance ratio of PM+1/PM in the treated ofloxacin was significantly increased by 56.57% compared with the control sample. Thus, 2H, 15N, 13C, and 17O contributions from (C18H21FN3O4)+ to m/z 363.17 in the treated ofloxacin were considerably increased compared with the control sample. The GC-MS based isotopic abundance ratios of PM+1/PM and PM+2/PM in the treated ofloxacin was significantly increased by 9.53% and 12.94%, respectively compared with the control sample. Hence, 2H, 15N, 13C, 17O, and 18O contributions from (C18H21FN3O4)+ to m/z 318 and 319 in the treated ofloxacin were significantly increased compared with the control sample. The LC-MS and GC-MS based isotopic abundance ratios of PM+1/PM (2H/1H or 15N/14N or 13C/12C or 17O/16O), and PM+2/PM (18O/16O) in the treated ofloxacin were considerably improved compared to the control sample. The increased isotopic abundance ratio of the treated ofloxacin would increase the chemical bond strength and increase the stability in the body. The new form of treated ofloxacin would be more stable compared to the control sample and would be very useful to design improved pharmaceutical formulations that might offer better therapeutic response against infections of the urethra and cervix, infectious diarrhoea, urinary tract infections, cellulitis, chronic bronchitis, pneumonia, prostatitis, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, plague, otitis media, etc.
Nov 2019 DOI 10.14302/issn.2328-0182.japst-19-3066
Yousif Babiker MazinCorresponding author
Department of Pharmacology, International University of Africa, Sudan.
Introduction Pharmacists and pharmaceutical care services are among the most important tools in providing health services to the society. Pharmacists as the key players in presenting health services, critically impact on the health of the society and if they suffer low job satisfaction, their dissatisfaction may relatively threaten health in the society. This study was conducted to determine Sudanese community pharmacists’ job satisfaction and additionally, some causes of dissatisfaction among community pharmacists and their impact on providing pharmaceutical care services have been evaluated. Method The questionnaire was designed after reviewing relevant Literature in addition, The Job Satisfaction survey was used to measure the level of community pharmacists’ satisfaction with their current jobs, and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) was used to evaluate emotional experience and awareness. Results and Discussion Generally low scores of job satisfaction were concluded among pharmacists while most of them were highly satisfied with being pharmacist. Conclusion Low levels of job satisfaction which were found among Sudanese community pharmacists could be considered as a deficiency of health system in Sudan. Fortunately, inherent interest in the pharmacy profession found among Sudanese pharmacists is an optimistic point at which policy-makers could develop their modifying policies. Health policy-makers must endeavor to take other steps to issue solutions for this current problem.
Sep 2019 DOI 10.14302/issn.2474-7785.jarh-19-2994
Jana SnehasisCorresponding author
Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Thane (W), India
Telomerase and SIRT1 (member of the sirtuin protein family) along with the lifestyle and diet are the major determinants of aging and its associated diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular disorders. The study objective was to investigate the effect of Consciousness Energy Healing based novel test formulation in pre-adipocytes (3T3-L1) and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) for anti-aging activity using SIRT1 and telomerase assay. The test formulation was divided into two parts. One portion was denoted as the untreated test item without any Biofield Energy Treatment, while the other portion was defined as the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment, which received the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment by a renowned Biofield Energy Healer, Mahendra Kumar Trivedi. The cell viability using MTT assay showed that the cell viability of 3T3-L1 and PBMCs cells was more than 70% indicating a safe and nontoxic profile. The experimental data in PBMCs cells showed that the Biofield Energy Treated Test formulation showed a significant improved telomerase activity by 39.25%, 20.86%, and 17.95% at concentrations 0.01, 5, and 100 µg/mL, respectively as compared with the untreated test formulation group. These results indicate that the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment would be the significant approach to prevent aging-related disorders such as decline cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis, dementia, osteoarthritis, Alzheimer’s, hypertension, cancer, Parkinson's Disease, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), Stress, Asthma, cataract, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), hearing loss and metabolic disorders.
Aug 2019 DOI 10.14302/issn.2690-0904.ijoe-19-2985
Antelmi AnnaritaCorresponding author
Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Department of Occupational and Enivironmental Dermatology, Malmo, Sweden.
Hairdressers are taught to use gloves when dyeing hair. We wanted to study what gloves are recommendable for other common hair dye substances than p-phenylenediamine, such as toluene-2,5-diamine sulphate and 2‐methoxymethyl‐p‐phenylenediamine. The gloves used in professional salons and the gloves commonly sold with hair dyes for home-use were investigated. 7 volunteers previously allergic to toluene-2,5-diamine sulphate and p-phenylenediamine were tested in vivo with an open chamber test system to examine the permeation of chemicals through gloves (vinyl, nitrile and polyethylene), mimicking the real use condition of permanent hair dyes. The nitrile gloves used gave excellent protection with all four hair dyes tested. A good capacity of protection was found with the polyethylene glove, supplied with the package of a home-use hair dye, when tested with the same hair dye. The advice to hairdressers is to choice nitrile gloves when using the permanent hair dyes currently available on the market.
Apr 2019 DOI 10.14302/issn.2470-0436.jos-19-2480
Abo Taleb EmanCorresponding author
Regional hospital for vitreo retina and eye care Sana'a Yemen.
Purpose To describe spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and enhanced depth image OCT (EDI-OCT) findings of multifocal serpiginoid choroditis (MSC) , including affected layer of retinal involvement, changes at the vitreoretinal interface, and response to therapy. Methods A retrospective review of 20 eyes (14 patients) with MSC. Each patient underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination, fundus photography, fundus autoflorecence (FAF) and OCT imaging of the affected retina at the initial visit and on each follow-up. Results In acute stage, SD-OCT showed hyperreflective areas involving the outer retinal layers which include retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), photoreceptor outer segment tips (POST), inner segment–outer segment (IS/OS) junction, external limiting membrane (ELM), and outer nuclear layer (ONL) with choroidal and intraretinal layer cells infiltrate. EDI-OCT showed increase choroidal thickness. As the lesions began to heal, irregular, knobby elevations of outer retinal layers appeared (RPE, POST, IS/OS junction, and ELM could not be distinguished) with significant decrease in choroidal and intraretinal cells. On complete healing, loss of RPE, POST, IS/OS junction, and ELM in SD-OCT scan and absent of the choroidal and intraretinal cells and continous hyperreflactivity of the choroid (increased penetrance). Conclusion SD-OCT and EDI-OCT provides high-resolution detail regarding ultrastructural changes in vitreoretinal interface, outer retina and choroid during the course of the lesion. Serial SD-OCT and EDI-OCT also provides further insight into response to therapy by observing choroidal and intraretinal cells.
Feb 2019 DOI 10.14302/issn.2377-2549.jndc-18-2507
Jana SnehasisCorresponding author
Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Thane (W), India
Hydroxypropyl β-Cyclodextrin (HPBCD) used in food, pharmaceutical, chemical industries, as well as environmental, and agriculture engineering. But the major issue related to HPBCD is the low solubility profile. In this study, the influence of the Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment (the Trivedi Effect®) on the physicochemical properties of HPBCD was evaluated using spectroscopic and calorimetric analytical techniques. The test sample (HPBCD) was divided into control sample and treated sample. The control sample did not receive the Biofield Energy Treatment. Whereas, the treated sample received the Biofield Energy Treatment remotely by a renowned Biofield Energy Healer, Dahryn Trivedi. The particle size values of the treated sample were decreased by 3.28%(d10), 1.36%(d50), 0.45%(d90), and 1.04%{D(4,3)}; therefore, the specific surface area was increased by 1.9% compared with the control sample. The evaporation temperature of the treated HPBCD sample was significantly decreased by 19.89%; however, the latent heat of evaporation and latent heat of fusion were significantly increased by 56.27% and 47.41%, respectively compared with the control sample.The total weight loss in the treated HPBCD was decreased by 5.11%; whereas, the residue amount was significantly 309.67% more compared to the control sample.The results indicated that the Trivedi Effect® might have produced a new form of HPBCD which may show better thermal stability, solubility, dissolution rate, and bioavailability. This new form of HPBCD would be more useful for improvement of solubility of the lipophilic drug, preparation of cholesterol free food products, weight loss supplements, anti-obesity medication, stabilize volatile and unstable compounds, and other manufacturing industry using it as a raw material.
Jan 2019 DOI 10.14302/issn.2693-1176.ijgh-18-2523
Nour KareenCorresponding author
University of Sherbrooke and CISSS Montérégie-Centre
This study explores the effects of the collaborative model of health impact assessment (HIA), as deployed in Monteregie (Quebec), on the development, adoption and implementation of municipal projects that include health considerations. Nine HIA processes were studied in nine territories and 35 individuals were interviewed. Data collection was based on the six steps of contribution analysis, and included document analysis, semi-structured interviews, and on-site observations. The study design is cross-sectional design were every HIA was analysed at least six month after completion. The individuals interviewed where those implicated into the HIA process (no matter at what point of the process). No exclusion criteria were applied considering that all points of view were important for this analysis. The Contribution Analysis (CA) was used to analyze the data. The study results emerged form by the interviews, the field observations and document analysis. They showed that the HIAs had varying results. First, the actors involved acquired new knowledge. However, the HIAs had little impact in terms of increasing the municipal actors’ awareness of health issues. Rather, it helped them acquire arguments for raising awareness among and convincing their municipal council members of the merits of certain actions and their potential positive impacts on citizens’ health. In fact, the HIAs were generally undertaken by municipal actors already aware of the importance of promoting citizen health. Second, as observed in the document, in a few of the HIAs, some recommendations were integrated into planning documents, but usually, as reported by the actor, the HIA report constituted an additional planning document and was not merged with the original planning documents. Lastly, following the HIAs, document analysis and interviews showed that most of the municipal actors continued to include health considerations in their subsequent planning of public policies and projects. Prerequisites for effective HIA include the presence of municipal actors, who are aware of the importance of their role in their local population’s health, municipal policies that include health considerations, and the municipality’s active participation in the HIA process. This study sheds light on the complexity of the factors that ensure HIA impact on municipal decision making and decisions. The particularities of each HIA process play a major role.
Jan 2019 DOI 10.14302/issn.2691-5014.jphn-18-2456
Mohamadreza AmiriCorresponding author
Vitamin D, the sunshine vitamin, is now recognized not only for its importance in promoting bone health in children and adults, but also for its other health benefits, including reducing the risk of chronic diseases such as autoimmune diseases, common cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. Ultraviolet radiation of the sun with wavelengths of 290-310 nm penetrates into the skin and converts 7-dehydrocholesterol to previtamin D3, which quickly transforms to vitamin D3. Vitamin D (D represents either D2 or D3) made in the skin or ingested through diet is biologically inert and requires two successive hydroxylations first in the liver on carbon 25 to form 25-hydroxyvitamin D 25(OH)D and then in the kidney for a hydroxylation on carbon 1 to form the biologically active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) 121419. The concentration of the produced 25-hydroxy vitamin D in blood circulation is 1,000 times more than 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D 4, and it is regarded as a standard indicator of vitamin D status in humans 3. 25-hydroxy vitamin D half-life is about 2-3 weeks and it is regulated by calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) to some extent. 25-hydroxy vitamin D content also reflects the amount of vitamin D produced in the skin after exposure to sunlight or received through food intake 56. Guidelines for vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency defined by serum 25(OH)D concentrations have been published from many countries and regions all over the world 7891011. Vitamin D deficiency is a pandemic problem. According to global estimations, more than one billion people around the world suffer from vitamin D deficiency. Among Iranian population, the incidence of vitamin D deficiency varies from 2.5 to 98.5% based on geographic area 1213. Various factors may give rise to vitamin D deficiency, including skin pigments, low levels of vitamin D in diet (insufficient fish oil and egg yolk intake), malnutrition, genetic factors, exclusive breast feeding, vitamin D deficiency of mother during pregnancy, prematurity, chronic use of drugs (e.g., anticonvulsants, aluminum-containing anti-acids, rifampcin, isoniazid, antifungal drugs, antiviral drugs, and glucocorticoids), winter and obesity 113. Cultural habits, the need for full body coverage during outdoor activities and the lack of sunlight programs are the risk factors for low vitamin D levels in women 151617. Children enter foster care due to early childhood adverse experiences such as poor prenatal and infant health care, food insecurity, chronic stress, and the effects of abuse and neglect. As a result, they are at higher risk for poor physical, psychological, neuroendocrine and neurocognitive outcomes compared to others. Foster children are at risk for growth and nutritional deficiencies due to their poor nutritional environment prior to placement in foster care. Insufficient caloric intake results in growth deficiencies. Evidence showed that the risk of stunting and underweight is high in this population 18. The risk of developing hypovitaminosis D was significantly higher in children living in foster homes. One reason is that they are at higher risk of child abuse, emotional deprivation and physical neglect than children living with their families. Moreover, these children most likely do not spend much time outdoors and they lack adequate sun exposure. Another reason is that as children grow up in institutional care, they shift from a diet of vitamin D–fortified formula milk to cooked food, which may not be fortified with vitamin D 1. Iranian government has made some efforts to apply efficient interventions to reduce the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, and the country’s healthcare system should be managed through accurate planning. Yet, in this country, studies on vitamin D deficiency in children living in foster homes are very limited, and given that timely diagnosis and treatment of this deficiency is vital, this research is conducted in Ali Asghar foster home in Mashhad, Iran.
Dec 2018 DOI 10.14302/issn.2377-2549.jndc-18-2479
Babaee SaeedCorresponding author
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Complex, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Lavizan Avenue
In this work, Taguchi design (orthogonal array, OA9) was used for the adhesion investigation of an epoxy insulator to a double base (DB) propellant grain. In this manner three epoxy resins based on diglycidylether bisphenol A (DGEBA) and three polyamine curing agents with an active diluent based on DGEBA were used. Therefore, the effects of resin type, curing agent type with its amount and diluent quantity as main factors were investigated on the single lap shear strength (adhesion strength) and then the results were quantitatively evaluated by the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The data given of ANOVA predicted that the best adhesion strength of 15.584 ± 1.606 MPa was obtained for the optimum conditions of MANA POX-102 as epoxy resin, H-37 as curing agent with 57 phr, ERYSYS GE-30 as diluent with 5 phr. In comparison, practical result of adhesion strength obtained for the optimum conditions was 15.4 ± 0.2 MPa. Also the Pull-off test results on the surface of the DB propellant showed that the maximum adhesion strength (related to the optimal conditions) is 2.64 ± 0.2 MPa.
Oct 2018 DOI 10.14302/issn.3070-1937.ijbt-18-2410
PrasanthB KrishnaCorresponding author
Epidemiologist & Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Ponnaiyah Ramajayam Institute of Medical Sciences.
Introduction: Blood is a valuable resource and blood transfusion is life saving in many situations. However blood transfusions carry the risk of transfusion transmitted infections, allergic reactions, hemolytic reactions and introduction of foreign antigens. So monitoring of blood transfusion practice is necessary for the rationale use of blood components. The aim of this study was to evaluate the appropriateness of blood ordering practice for Packed Red Blood Cells (PRBC) as per National Blood Transfusion Guidelines. Materials & Methods: The study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Tamilnadu. A total of 4236 blood request forms were analyzed over a period of 12 months. Number of units requested were noted and the appropriateness of the requested transfusion was assessed according to the National guidelines on transfusion 3. Request forms of neonates and children up to 18 years of age (in whom Transfusion guidelines are different) were excluded from the study. Cross match to Transfusion ratio (CT ratio) was also calculated. Results: A total of 4236 blood request forms were analyzed out of which 76.6 % (n=3246) were for PRBC, and hemoglobin values were mentioned in 68.8% (n=2235) and not mentioned in 31.2% (n=1011) of request forms. Anemia, surgery and bleeding were the most common indications for which transfusions were requested. There were 3246 PRBC requests out of which 53.5% (n=1736) requests were considered appropriate, 38.6% (n=1254) were considered inappropriate and 7.9% (n=256) requests could not be assessed due to inadequate details on Hemoglobin and clinical relevance. CT ratio was 1.5. Conclusion: In this study, it was noted that significant percentage (38.6%) of inappropriate PRBC transfusions were given and 7.9% forms could not be assessed due to inadequate investigation details. Regular audits and CMEs should be conducted in this hospital to rationalize the use of blood components.
Oct 2018 DOI 10.14302/issn.2379-7835.ijn-18-2228
Kishan Gupta BalCorresponding author
Senior Professor, In-charge Medical ICU, Department. of Medicine, S.P. Medical College, Bikaner.
Introduction: Organophosphate (OP) pesticide poisoning is a major challenging public-health problem in developing countries. Vitamin D deficiency is pandemic, yet it is the most under-diagnosed and under-treated nutritional deficiency in the world and it has been reported to be clinically correlated with psychiatric illness and manifestation of severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome like ARDS. Thus vitamin D deficiency may affect clinical course and outcome in cases of OPP. Aim: To evaluate status of 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level in OP poisoning and its correlation with outcome of such patients. Materials and Methods: Serum 25(OH)D levels were measured at the time of hospitalization by electro-chemiluminescent Assay in 96 patients (76 male and 20 female) suffering from OP poisoning. Diagnosis of OP poisoning was made by history of poisoning including container of the poison brought by patient’s relative, clinical examination and measurement of serum butyrylcholinesterase activity. All patients were evaluated as per Performa and follow up till discharge. Results: Mean level of 25(OH)D in our cases was 24.57±9.91ng/ml and 66.7% had low levels of 25(OH)D. Our study shows linear relationship between 25(OH)D level and duration of hospital stay. All cases of OP poisoning who developed severe manifestations like ARDS, Intermediate syndrome (IMS) were having significant 25(OH)D deficiency. Our study also shows lower levels of 25(OH)D were associated with poor outcome (11.27±3.21vs 27.02±8.54, p<0.001). Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency in OP poisoning is associated with longer hospital stay, more requirement of ventilator support and high prevalence of complication (ARDS and IMS) and poor outcome. Awareness of 25(OH)D level in patients with OP poisoning may be important to improve outcome.
Oct 2018 DOI 10.14302/issn.2328-0182.japst-18-2341
Nyunaї NyembCorresponding author
The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the safety of a stem bark aqueous extract of Harunganamadagascariensis Lam. (Hypericaceae) by determining its potential toxicity after acute and subacute administration in rodents. Acute toxicity tests were carried out in mice and the behavior, death and median lethal dose (LD50) were estimated. Subacute toxicity (28 days) studies were conducted in rats with oral daily doses of 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg. Parameters observed at the end of the subacute tests included changes in body and vital organ weights, mortality, hematological, biochemical, hepatic and kidney effects. Harunganamadagascariensisextract did not produce any visible toxicity or mortality with oral doses up to 2000 mg/kg within 14 days of single treatment, leading to the conclusion that the LD50 is greater than 2000 mg/kg. In the subacute toxicity tests, neither mortality nor visible signs of lethality was seen in rats. No significant change in the weight of the kidney, liver, heart, lungs spleen, pancreas and testicles was observed. Alanine transaminase (ALT) increased significantly in males at 400 and 600 mg/kg, whereas Aspartate transaminase (AST) decreased at 600 mg/kg in female rats. HDL Cholesterol was reduced at 600 mg/kg in female rats. There was a significant increase in urea concentration in female rats at 400 mg/kg. A significant decrease, both in platelet volume distribution (PVD) at 400 mg/kg in male rats and in red cell volume distribution (RDW) at 200 mg/kg were recorded in female rats respectively, but with no changes in other hematologic parameters. Histological study shows normal structure of liver, kidneys and heart of control and treated rats. Results indicate that oral doses of aqueous stem bark of Harunganamadagascariensis are relatively safe in rats; however, assessment of hepatobiliary function should be done during chronic use in humans.
Sep 2018 DOI 10.14302/issn.2377-2549.jndc-18-2315
Jana SnehasisCorresponding author
Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd.,Bhopal, India
Selenium is an essential micronutrient required for healthy metabolism, as well as prevention, and treatment of selenium deficiency diseases. The experiment aimed to evaluate the influence of the Trivedi Effect®-Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment on the physicochemical and thermal properties of selenium using modern analytical techniques. The selenium sample was divided into two parts, one part of the test sample was called the control sample, while the second part of the test sample received the Biofield Treatment remotely by a renowned Biofield Energy Healer, Gopal Nayak, and was called the treated sample. The particle size values were significantly decreased by 37.69% (d10), 14.36% (d50), 4.31% (d90), and 11.58% D(43), hence, the specific surface area was significantly increased by 33.64% in the treated sample compared to the control sample. The PXRD peak intensities and crystallite sizes were significantly altered ranging from 5.23% to 100% and 75% to 111.7%, respectively; whereas 7.81% significantly decreased the average crystallite size in the treated sample than the control sample. The latent heat of fusion of the treated sample was significantly increased by 12.37% compared with the control sample.The results suggested that the Trivedi Effect® might generate a new polymorphic form of selenium which would offer better solubility, bioavailability and be thermally more stable compared with the control sample. The Biofield Treated selenium would be more useful to design novel nutraceutical/pharmaceutical formulations and might offer an enhanced therapeutic response against cardiovascular disease, cancer, neuromuscular disorders, diabetes, stress, aging, male infertility, viral diseases, degenerative ailments, etc.
Aug 2018
Sh. Badawy M.Corresponding author
Chest Department, Qena Faculty of medicine, South Valley University, Egypt
Background: Co-morbidities are associated with increasing risk of mortality, hospitalizations and costs of treatment in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease patients. Identification of Co- morbidities related to COPD phenotypes may guide individualized therapies and achieve better prognosis. Methods: A prospective study of one hundred ten patients of confirmed COPD diagnosis were carried out and divided into five different phenotypes with related co-morbidities. History taking, clinical examination, Chest X-ray, Computed chest Tomography, laboratory investigations, arterial blood gas, Echocardiography and Electrocardiography were done for all patients. St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire, COPD assessment test (CAT score) and BODEx (BMI, FEV1, dyspnea and exacerbations) were used for assessment of disease impact on quality of life, severity, and exacerbation respectively. Results: Emphysema group were 31% among all cases with mean age 61.8±9.1, frequent exacerbator group and Chronic bronchitis phenotype were 18% with mean age 64.4±11.3, and 48.8±9 respectively. COPD with bronchiectasis group were 19% with mean age 60.3±6 and Asthma COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS) were 12% with mean age 62.8±15.8. There was significant difference as regards age between different group of phenotypes P- value <0.001. There was significance difference in BODEx index and in (CAT) score among different COPD phenotypes P-value 0.020, 0.001 respectively. There was significant difference in all items of SGRQ among different COPD phenotypes P–value 0.001. Diabetes was commonly presented in 50 % ACOS cases, Ischemic heart disease was present more in Emphysema 22.9%, Osteoporosis was more in COPD with bronchiectasis 28.6%, Cor-pulmonale was more present in frequent excerbator 65%, and Anemia more common in COPD with bronchiectasis 23.8%. Depression was more common in frequent excerbator phenotype (45.0 %). Gastro-esophageal reflux was the most common co-morbidities (58 %) then cor-pulmonale 41.8%, systemic hypertension 40 % and pulmonary hypertension 28%. Conclusion: The presence of significant co-morbidities is important modifying risk factors for severity in COPD. They contribute to the overall severity in individual patients, have a major impact on quality of life, and major causes of hospitalization. Co-morbidities can be associated with any clinical phenotype.
Aug 2018 DOI 10.14302/issn.2690-4721.ijcm-18-2217
Samaras ShivanthiCorresponding author
Molecular Microbiology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Hawthorn Building, The Gateway, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE1 9BH United Kingdom
Background Overuse of beta-lactam antibiotics has lead to selection for extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae, a major cause of antibiotic resistant urinary tract infections (UTIs). Standard detection methods are time-consuming, with disputed accuracy. This study describes a novel real-time PCR method to detect CTX-M, SHV, OXA and TEM. Methods 179 Enterobacteriaceae isolates from UTIs were collected from the Leicester Royal Infirmary, UK. A multiplex Plexor®-based real-time PCR assay detected ESBLs using their specific amplicon melting temperature, during each cycle, removing the need for a melt-curve analysis. Validation was achieved by end-point PCR and disk diffusion. Results The method was able to produce rapid and accurate results, achieving a sensitivity and specificity of 94.9% and 72% respectively, and the assay can differentiate between the different ESBL genes, with ease. Conclusions With further investigation, a Plexor®-based assay could form the basis of a high-throughput kit that health services could use to detect ESBLs or other antibiotic resistance genes.
Jul 2018 DOI 10.14302/issn.2639-3166.jar-18-2083
A. Okasha SalahCorresponding author
Agronomy Dept, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
This study was conducted to determine drought tolerant indices of some sugar beet genotypes under water stress and non-stress conditions. Nine sugar beet (Beta Vulgaris L.) genotypes were tested in a Split-plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design in three replications under three levels of water stress 100%, 75% and 50% from plant requirements at the experimental farm Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt during 2015/ 2016 and 2016 / 2017 seasons. Twelve drought tolerance indices were used in this study, stress sensitivity index (SSI), stress tolerance (TOL), mean productivity (MP), geometric mean (GMP), harmonic mean (HM),yield stability index (YSI), yield index (YI), stress tolerance index (STI), sensitivity drought index (SDI), relative drought index (RDI), drought response index (DI) and stress susceptibility percentage index (SSPI). GMP, MP and STI were more informative towards classification of better or superior genotypes with respect to tolerant and sensitive groups. The results showed that the genotypes with high STI, GMP and MP values were suitable for cultivation under drought stress and non-stress environments. Both Yp and Ys of root yield in the control-50% analysis had significantly positive correlated (P value<0.05) with MP, GMP, YI, HM and DI, This indicates that these indices were more effective in identifying high yielding genotypes under drought stress as well as non-stress conditions.Principal components analysis showed that the first two components in the control-50% analysis, genotype Bts 1237 and Temar were identified as the most stable high yielding genotypes in both environments
May 2018 DOI 10.14302/issn.2473-1005.jdoi-18-2115
Zahoor MuhammadCorresponding author
Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand ChakdaraDir (Lower), Pakistan.
Background: The human mouth harbors over 700 microbial genera. The large number of them is normal bacteria; few of them are opportunistic pathogens. Objective: The study was aimed to evaluate the bacterial population of drug addicted persons and compare it to that of a normal healthy person. Methods: Five different samples of human saliva; alcohol drunken person, oral moist snuff user, cigarette, hashish and shisha smoker were investigated the involvement of bacteria in them. One sample was collected from normal non-addict person. The bacterial population in drug addictive persons were compared that on normal non-addictive person. Results: The bacteria observed were: Gram negative cocci, mono cocci, streptococci, vibrio, gram negative rod, gram positive staphylococcus, gram positive streptococci and gram-positive rod. Conclusion: The order of bacterial population was; alcohol drunken person<oral moist snuff user ˂ cigarette smoker ˂ hashish smoker ˂ shisha smoker˂ normal non addictive person. From the findings in this study it is concluded that all these drugs have some antibacterial activities.
Dec 2017 DOI 10.14302/issn.2381-862X.jwrh-17-1822
B BergerCorresponding author
Faculty of Health, Universität Witten-Herdecke, Herdecke, Germany.
Objective Because of the increased demand for the availability of independent information regarding the efficacy, the lack of efficacy and the possible harm of medical interventions, the study aims to evaluate the information package „Menopause", published by the German Institute for Quality in Healthcare (IQWiG). Methods: Qualitative, guideline-based interviews, carried out in n=41 women (40-63 years). The analysis of transcripts was carried out according to Mayring. Results Information perception of women who could use the material could be summarized into the following: (1) Information were perceived as independent and deemed trustworthy. (2) Scientific study results were unknown but welcomed. (3) Decision aids are useful but need further communicative support. (4) Women requested suggestions for empowerment and self-help. (5) Some women are better accessible through experiences. (6) Women who did not take on any information presented in the material. Conclusions: Through evidence-based health information (EBHI) and decision aids interviewed women can be enabled to make informed decisions concerning their health care. Health information should include the relevant context factors. However, not all women could be reached. Practice implications Not only the implementation of independent EBHI into the structure of healthcare but also communicative services including biographical aspects and self-help strategies are needed.
Nov 2017 DOI 10.14302/issn.2324-7339.jcrhap-17-1679
Tesfahuneygn GebrehiwetCorresponding author
Tigray health research institute, Mekelle
Background: Point-of-care diagnostic tests (POCTs) are increasingly used in both developing and developed countries. They allow same day testing and treatment at remote locations where no laboratory support is available. Quality control measures, which are routinely used in laboratories, have not been widely implemented for POCTs. This aimed to assess the integrity of the entire laboratory testing process, and aims to educate and improve performance in quality of HIV rapid testing. Methods: A health facility based cross section study was conducted from April to June 2016.Randomly selected health facilities were participated in the external quality assessment. Onsite evaluation and panel test were used to collect data using structured checklists and formats. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 16. Results: Between April to June 2016, a total of 60 health facilities (145 testing points) from governmental health facilities (hospitals and health centers) were participated in the study. Among the participated testing points 41% have no designated area, 40% have no clean water for hand washing and 51% have no national test algorithm. The average performance of testing points was varies from 89.6% to 99.1% (Laboratory 99.1%, ANC 90.4%, TB clinic 91.4% and VCT 89.6%). In a multivariable logistic regression model, didn’t follow national testing algorithm to report client test results have statistical significance. Conclusions: High quality test results underpin accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment for patients. But in the study area the score of proficiency testing result and coverage of training is slightly low comparing to other findings. Therefore following national testing algorithm to report client test results, training and monitoring are critical points to improve the proficiency testing score of testing points.
Nov 2017 DOI 10.14302/issn.2641-7669.ject-17-1790
Hosseini HedayatCorresponding author
Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences, Food Science and Technology/National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Solvent residue such as hexane in foodstuff, especially edible oil could be considered as the undesirable substances when exceeds maximum residue limit (MRL). The aim of this study is to determine the hexane content in various brands of edible oils. Totally forty samples (23 brands) of different types of vegetable oils including frying oils (n=14), blended oils (n=13), sunflower oils (n=6), corn oils (n=5) and canola oils (n=2) from Iran´s market were analyzed for hexane content using solid phase microextraction gas chromatography equipped with a flame-ionization detector (SPME)-GC-(FID). The hexane residue was detected in thirty-six out of forty examined samples, ranged from lower than LOD to 42.6 µg/kg. However, in all of them hexane content were below the MRL of 1 mg/kg which set by the European Union.
Sep 2017 DOI 10.14302/issn.2572-3030.jcgb-17-1737
J. O OgunbiyiCorresponding author
Scientific review, Supervisory, slides evaluation and final review
Objective P16INK4a and Ki-67 are adjuncts to current histological assessment of cervical biopsies in identifying cases that require strict follow up and prompt intervention. This study aimed to evaluate P16INK4a and Ki-67 expression in squamous intraepithelial and other benign cervical lesions. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study of 153 cases of cervical biopsies diagnosed as CIN and benign cervical lesions between 2006 and 2013 at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. Slides and tissue blocks of all the selected cases were retrieved and classified using the 2003 WHO classification for intraepithelial and benign cervical lesions and were stained with p16INK4a and Ki-67 immunohistochemical stains following heat-induced antigen retrieval. Results were evaluated and compared with histologic diagnosis. Results Cases were classified as chronic cervicitis (12.3%), squamous Metaplasia (0.7%), CIN 1 (47.1%), CIN 2 (36.6%) and CIN 3 (3.3%). Majority of the non-dysplastic cervical lesions (including chronic cervicitis cases) showed low P16INK4a reactivity. Positive P16INK4a reactivity was seen in 80% of CIN 3 cases, 83.9% of CIN 2 cases, and, surprisingly, in 97.2% of CIN 1 cases. Ki-67 positivity was seen in 36.6% of cases (75% CIN 2 and 60% CIN 3). There was a significant correlation between the H&E diagnoses of CIN and P16INK4a/Ki-67 immunoreactivities. Conclusion Majority of the CIN 1 cases showing low grade p16INK4a immunereactivity strongly suggesting that cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasia in this environment is likely associated with high grade HPV subtype infections and may predict possible progression to high grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia. The use of P16INK4a and Ki-67 in the evaluation of cervical biopsies for benign mimics of high grade intraepithelial lesion will aid proper single Pathologist evaluation and help in patients triaging for follow up.
Aug 2017 DOI 10.14302/issn.3070-2313.jeh-17-1552
Elisha BelindaCorresponding author
Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Introduction. Obesity often coexists with insulin resistance, which is related to cardiometabolic risk. However, some obese individuals exhibit comparable insulin sensitivity (IS) to that of normal-weight subjects, a state associated with a reduced cardiometabolic risk. We aimed to determine the efficacy of a panel of surrogate markers of insulin sensitivity (IS) for the identification of insulin sensitive obese (ISO) vs. insulin resistant obese (IRO) with similar total fat mass (FM) and body mass index (BMI). Methods. This is a cross-sectional analysis among 144 overweight and obese post-menopausal women. IS was determined by the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (HEC) and by surrogate indices such as Matsuda index, the simple index assessing insulin sensitivity using oral glucose tolerance test (SIisOGTT), Abdul-Ghani liver IS index, HOMA-IR and Abdul-Ghani muscle IR index. Results. When using upper and lower quartiles values or the median as cut-off for IS determined by the reference HEC to define ISO vs. IRO, Matsuda index, SIisOGTT and Abdul-Ghani indices classification identified ISO vs. IRO individuals with similar FM and BMI. With HOMA-IR, the two groups were similar for FM and had borderline significant difference in BMI. Using, receiver operating characteristic curves, Matsuda index AUC was similar to that of SIisOGTT and both indices AUCs were significantly higher than Abdul-Ghani indices AUCs. The best cut-off value for the Matsuda index was 2.5 (83.1% specificity, 54.2% sensitivity) and 0.25 for SIisOGTT (64.8% specificity, 70.8% sensitivity). Conclusion. Whole body IS indices, Matsuda and SIisOGTT indices seem to be reliable indices for the identification of ISO vs. IRO individuals.
Jan 2017 DOI 10.14302/issn.2470-5020.jnrt-16-1415
W. Schrock JonCorresponding author
Associate Professor, Emergency Medicine Case Western Reserve University
Objectives: Computed tomography angiography (CTA) provides early assessment of cerebral vasculature in ED patients presenting with Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS). Prior studies using 4 row detector CT scanners have suggested that results may be used to determine who receives thrombolytics (tPA). We sought to evaluate the rate of normal CTA and the use of tPA in AIS patients with and without blockages using modern CT technology. Patients and Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of all code stroke patients presenting to our ED over a 3 year period. Inclusion criteria included an ED and neurology diagnosis of AIS with a CTA performed at presentation. All patients had a NIHSS score recorded at presentation and underwent imaging using a 64 row detector scanner with 50cc of non-ionic contrast. Demographic, imaging, and clinical data were collected. Modified Rankin Scores (mRS) were assigned at hospital discharge. Good clinical outcome was defined as a mRS of 0-2. Data are reported as frequencies and medians with interquartile ranges (IQR) as appropriate. Rates of tPA use were evaluated using χ2 testing. Rates of good outcomes were evaluated using odds ratios. Results: A total of 205 subjects met inclusion for analysis of which 103 (50%) were male and 109 (54%) had no blockage on CTA. The median NIHSS score and mortality rates were 14 (IQR 8-19), 14 (14%) with CTA blockage, and 4 (IQR 2-7), 2 (2%) for those without. Of those AIS with a blockage on CTA 46 (48%) were treated with tPA including 29 who were treated with intra-arterial therapy as well while only 13 (13%) of patients without a blockage were treated with tPA. Post tPA bleeding occurred in 12 (13%) patients with blockage on CTA and in 0 patients without blockage. Use of tPA was significantly more frequent in patients with a blockage on CTA, P <0.001. Conclusion: More than half of our AIS patients presenting through our ED have no blockage on CTA. Inter-rater reliability among neuroradiologists evaluating for large vessel occlusion appears to be very good. Patients with AIS and no blockage on CTA have less severe strokes and are less likely to receive tPA. Given the new guidelines recommending endovascular treatment for AIS we expect more emergency departments to begin performing CTA.
Dec 2016 DOI 10.14302/issn.2379-7835.ijn-16-1381
Kishan Gupta BalCorresponding author
Senior Professor, In-charge Medical ICU, Department. of Medicine, S.P.Medical College, Bikaner.
Introduction: Vitamin D deficiency has been reported highly prevalent in Chronic liver disease (CLD) and there is an emerging interest to explore the relationship of vitamin D deficiency and severity of various types of CLD. Aim: To evaluate vitamin D level in patients with various type of CLD and clinical significance of its deficiency. Materials and Methods: Serum vitamin D levels were measured by ELFA in 100 patients (91 male and 9 female) suffering from CLD. The degree of liver dysfunction was estimated by Child Pugh criteria and Model for End stage Liver Disease (MELD) score. Results: Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were 43% and 42% respectively among CLD patients. Low levels of vitamin D were associated with leucopenia or leucocytosis indicating increased risk of infection. On Linear regression vitamin D level showed significant negative correlation with Child Pugh score (r = – 0.7382, p<0.0001) and MELD score (r = – 0.6673, p<0.0001). Our study shows low vitamin D level was associated with poor outcome (mean vitamin D level 10.38 ± 2.35 who died vs 23.14 ± 6.68 who survived and discharged). Conclusion: CLD is associated with a significantly low level of vitamin D which was independent to patient’s gender, BMI, residence and education level. The lower level of vitamin D is associated with severity of CLD, mortality and increased risk for infections. Awareness of serum vitamin D level in patients with CLD is important to improve outcome.
Aug 2016 DOI 10.14302/issn.2574-4496.jtc-16-1129
Silva FriedaCorresponding author
Nuclear Medicine Section, Radiological Sciences Department, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico
Objective: Radiation exposure to the general public and patients undergoing diagnostic or therapeutic procedures is of great concern, especially to the medical community. Revision of Nuclear Regulatory Commission rules several years ago yield new recommendations for the administration of therapeutic doses of 131-Iodine that included the release criteria. The guidelines for ambulatory treatment included patient education and radiation safety measures to minimize exposure and contamination. Our goal in this study was to evaluate patient compliance with the radiation safety instruction protocols given to them before the therapeutic dose and monitor radiation levels in different house areas at different times after an ablation therapy of 3700MBq or more. Method: Patients with well differentiated thyroid cancer being evaluated for ablation therapy with 131-Iodine were invited to participate. A thorough set of instructions on radiation protection were given verbally and in writing. Patient house was assessed with a Geiger Muller detector at 24 and 72 hours or above to obtain direct radiation levels in several areas. Patient radiation levels were also monitored. Results: A total of 12 patients have been included, 11 females and 1 male, median age was 53 years. Tumor histology was 10 papillary, 2 papillary-follicular variant and 1 follicular carcinoma; 92% of the cases were T1, N0, M0. Home location was urban in 77% and rural in 33% of the patients; 67% of the patients had an educational level between 9-12 grade. Radioiodine doses range from 3441-5994MBq. None of the patients had a relatives or companion in the house. Mean patient exposure 24 hours after the dose at 1 meter was 12mrem/hr, 0.120mSv/h; this represented a retained dose of 2181MBq (59mCi). Only one patient (T1, Nx, M1) had an exposure rate at 1 meter of 100mrem/hr (1mSv/hr) at 24 hours. At 72 hours the exposure changed to 4mrem/hr, 0.040mSv/hr, retained dose of 725.2MBq (19.6mCi). Higher exposure rates in the house were at 24 hours in the bed and pillows (7mrem/hr), kitchen trash (13mrem/hr) and bathroom sink (8mrem/hr). The exposure rates at the toilet and shower were similar (3-4mrem/hr). There was a significant decreased in the exposure rate at 72 hours in all house areas. Patients with the higher exposure rates were those with metastatic disease, and small living facilities. Patients living in rural or urban location had no difference in the exposure rate. The educational levels were not related either to the exposure rate. Conclusion: Patient compliance with radiation protection instructions and Nuclear Regulatory Commission release criteria was good. Radiation exposure levels in the house areas are safe. Special instructions must be design to minimize contamination in the bathroom and kitchen Caution is recommended in the release of patients with extensive metastatic disease and doses of 5920MBq or more.
Aug 2016 DOI 10.14302/issn.2473-1005.jdoi-16-1167
Singh Nayyar AbhishekCorresponding author
Reader, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Saraswati-Dhanwantari Dental College and Hospital and Post-Graduate Research Institute, Parbhani, Maharashtra, India
Context: The present study was undertaken to do a comparative evaluation of the role of Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) imaging and Orthopantomography (OPG) for pre-operative implant planning in combination with sinus grafting procedures in order to assess sinus anatomy and morphology and the existing bone height in three dimensions. Aims: To assess sinus anatomy and morphology and the existing bone height in three dimensions. Materials and Methods: Pre-operative assessment of maxillary sinuses for implant planning using CBCT imaging was performed on 20 sinuses (17 patients). These patients were subjected to orthopantomographs and CBCT imaging both pre-operatively and post-operatively. CBCT imaging helped to decide the type of sinus augmentation procedure best suited for the patients as per the individual needs and depending on the residual alveolar bone height, timing of implant placement, sinus morphology, anticipation of complication and comparative analysis between pre-and post-procedural gain in vertical alveolar bone height and increase in bone density. Statistical Analysis: The results were tabulated and statistically analyzed using Paired and Unpaired t-tests. Results: In the majority of cases, there was a concordance between the treatment type based on pre-operative and post-operative CBCT scans. The assessment of sinus morphology revealed a significantly higher detection rate of abberations in the form of sinus mucosal hypertrophy and septae on CBCT which were imperceptible on routine radiographs. The most appealing result was that vertical alveolar bone height could be measured precisely and there was a significant increase in surgical confidence and a significantly better prediction of complications when using CBCT imaging. Conclusions: A pre-operative planning based on CBCT imaging seems to improve sinus diagnostics and helps to execute a better treatment plan. Also, it is a good tool for the comparison of vertical alveolar bone height pre-and post-operatively following sinus augmentation procedures using various graft materials.
Jun 2016 DOI 10.14302/issn.2471-2175.jdrt-15-836
Abiri SamanehCorresponding author
Department of Emergency, Iran University of Medical University, Tehran, Iran.
Cellulitis is an acute, spreading pyogenic inflammation of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue, usually complicating a wound, ulcer, or dermatosis. Inappropriate diagnosis of cellulitis is a problem and would need prospective rather than retrospective studies to quantify the extent. There is one national guideline for the management of patients with cellulitis. The aim of this study is to determine the validity of Crest guideline in the patients with non-facial cellulitis. This prospective cohort study was conducted on all Adult patients with cellulites who were admitted at Resole-Akram and Sina emergency department between November 2013 and January 2014. Based on admission duration, the patients were randomly divided into two groups including primary and secondary outcome, <24-hours or >24-hours admission, respectively. Out of 89 admitted patients, 55% were hospitalized over 24 hours and 20% of them had significant systemic symptoms. The most patients (n= 42) had either systemically ill or systemically well or class II followed by classes I (n=28), III (n=18), and IV (n=1). There was significant relevancy between age, fever, PR, infected organ, leukocytosis, diabetes mellitus, IUDA, human bite, and primary outcome. In conclusion, factors associated with admission were age, presence of multiple comorbid conditions, diabetes mellitus, human bite, IUDA, infected organ, leukocytosis and fever. These results showed that the decision in the emergency department was mostly the same as Crest guideline and the prospection of admission and discharge of these patients was almost according to the educations of Crest guideline.
Apr 2016 DOI 10.14302/issn.2474-7785.jarh-15-699
Coronado-Vázquez ValleCorresponding author
Healthcare Director, Hospital of Riotinto, Mines of Riotinto, Huelva
Purpose Hospital readmission of patients with pluripathologies is frequent and costly. This study describes the impact of patients’ pluripathologies, functional capacity and social complexity on readmissions during a 12-month period following hospital discharge. Methods A prospective cohort study. Monthly monitoring of 111 patients over 12 months in Hospital of Riotinto. The primary endpoint was readmission rate. Predictive variables: age, gender, hospitalizations the year before, illnesses that define the pluripathology, medication prescribed on discharge, social situation (Gijón Scale), functional state (Barthel) and cognitive impairment (Pfeiffer). Results Readmissions accounted for 21.6% of the patients surveyed. Of those readmitted, the mean age was lower than those who did not return to hospital (75.4 vs.79.6) (p=0.031), the average amount of medication prescribed greater (10.5 vs.8.7) (p=0.014), the Barthel score higher (52.5 vs.50.6) and the Gijón value lower (13.8 vs.14.6), but no results was significant. The mean survival time (without readmission) was 310.9 days (95% CI, 289.4-332.5). Category B (chronic renal disease and vasculitis) and F (diabetes with microangiopathy and artery disease) had a lower average survival time (X2=7.02; p=0.008) (X2=7.07; p=0.008). The readmission risk was hazard ratio (HR) = 3.13 (95% CI, 1.37-7.14) for category B, and HR = 3.38 (95% CI, 1.37-8.36) for category F. Conclusions There is a high proportion of readmissions among patients with pluripathologies in the year following discharge from hospital. The greater risk occurs in patients with chronic renal insufficiency and diabetes with microvascular complications. Factors that can be modified are polymedication and the proper control of patients’ diabetes.
May 2015 DOI 10.14302/issn.2574-4496.jtc-14-395
Alhefdhi AmalCorresponding author
Section of Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
Background: Medullary Thyroid Cancer (MTC) is a rare malignancy, accounting for less than 3% of all thyroid cancers and causes significant morbidity and mortality. MTC is often due to an underlying mutation of the RET proto-oncogene, which can result in additional endocrinopathies that must be screened for pre-operatively. The project aim was to determine if surgical training background influenced patient pre-operative evaluation for MTC. Methods: A retrospective review was performed of patients undergoing thyroidectomy for MTC at a single academic institution. Patients were analyzed based on who performed the initial operative procedure, a surgeon with specific endocrine surgery training or a surgeon without. Results: From 1994 to 2011, 37 patients with MTC were identified. Thirty percent were managed by an endocrine surgeon and 70% by a non-endocrine surgeon. A complete thyroid work-up was done for all the patients managed by an endocrine surgeon vs. 38.5% of the non-endocrine surgeon patients (p<0.01). Appropriate preoperative endocrine screening was performed in 91% of the endocrine surgeon patients vs. 50% of the non-endocrine surgeon patients (p= 0.03). RET mutation genetic testing was done for all endocrine surgeon patients vs. 85% of non-endocrine surgeon patients (p= 0.30). Conclusion: Endocrine trained surgeons recognize and appropriately manage the complexity of MTC and associated endocrinopathies, more often than surgeons without an endocrine surgery background. This may result in optimized management of these patients.
Feb 2014 DOI 10.14302/issn.2324-7339.jcrhap-13-211
Gust D.Corresponding author
Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
Recruitment of couples is important for study success. The multi-centered HPTN 052 clinical trial was designed to evaluate whether immediate versus delayed use of ART by HIV-infected individuals would reduce transmission of HIV to their HIV-uninfected partners. The objective of this study was to retrospectively compare several approaches for community recruitment at our site in Kisumu, Kenya based on a) feedback from recruitment staff, b) associated cost, and c) number of eligible couples enrolled. A secondary objective was to assess the discordant couples’ acceptability of the community recruitment approaches relative to the a) main recruitment venues, b) educational materials, and c) local language best suited for explaining the trial. 241 couples were screened for eligibility using nine recruitment approaches. We compared the approaches used for the 60 couples found to be eligible to those used for the 56 ineligible couples for whom that information was available. Analyses for association were carried out. In-depth interviews were conducted with 20 staff and 29 discordant couples. Records were kept of the costs associated with each approach. Overall, staff interviews revealed that acceptability of the approaches was high. Challenges were present with all approaches ranging from one member of the couple not wanting to reveal their positive HIV status to their partner (Patient Support Center or PSC approach), to not finding people at home (home based counseling and testing or HBCT approach). The PSC and the HBCT recruitment approaches were the most effective in terms of recruiting eligible participants. There was an overall significant difference between the proportion of eligible and ineligible participants among the 9 approaches (χ2 (8) =33.5; p<0.0001). Analyses for association showed that the PSC approach resulted in attracting a greater proportion of couples who were eligible than ineligible (χ2 (1) =6.6; p=0.016). The cost for the PSC approach was less than one-third that of the HBCT approach. All discordant couples interviewed found the two main recruitment venues (PSC and their home) acceptable. Among couples who saw the educational materials, the majority found them useful (poster 72.7%; pamphlet 90.9%; flyer 88.9%). All couples found the language they were told about the study acceptable. The evaluation of recruitment approaches indicated that working with local partners, specifically the PSC staff and HBCT staff, was the most effective way to recruit eligible discordant couples. A focus on collaborations and partnerships between research and clinical organizations will help study recruitment efforts. Disclaimer: The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of their respective institutions. Funding for this substudy was provided by the Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) through a cooperative agreement with the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Nov 2013 DOI 10.14302/issn.2328-0182.japst-12-119
Nath BipulCorresponding author
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, 786004, Assam, India
The purpose of the research is to evaluate Sterculiaurens gum as a carrier for oral colon targeted drug delivery system. Sterculia gum has been reported to have wide pharmaceutical applications such as tablet binder, disintegrant, gelling agent and as a controlled release polymer, but it has not been exploited as colon targeting carrier. For evaluation as a carrier for colonic delivery of drugs characterization of gum was done. Microflora degradation studies of gum were conducted in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) pH 7.4 containing rat caecal content under anaerobic environment. Solubility, swelling index, viscosity and pH of the polymer solution were determined. Different formulation aspects considered were: gum concentration (10–40%), concentration of citric acid (10–30 %) on swelling index and in-vitro drug release. The results of the isothermal stress testing (IST) shows no degradation of samples of model drug, azathioprine, in the drug polymer mixture and the core tablet excipients. DSC and FT-IR study has proved the compatibility of the drug with Sterculia gum and other tablet excipients. Microflora degradation study revealed that Sterculia gum can be used as tablet excipient for drug release in the colonic region by utilizing the action of enterobacteria. Sterculia gum exhibits premature drug release in the upper GIT without enteric coating and may not reach to the colonic region. From the study, Sterculia gum as colon targeting carrier is possible via coating with chitosan/Eudragit mixed blend polymers which would provide acid as well as intestinal resistance; but undergo enzymatic degradation once it reaches the colon.
Dec 2012 DOI 10.14302/issn.2324-7339.jcrhap-12-71
Rajesh RadhakrishnanCorresponding author
Radhakrishnan Rajesh M.Pharm, Asst Professor (Senior Grade), Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal- 576 104, Karnataka, India.
In India, interruptions to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) are due to adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and no reports on the direct cost incurred in the management of ADRs to HAART are available. There is a need to study direct cost incurred with ADRs to HAART to explore the high economic cost burden imposed by ADRs to HAART in HIV/AIDS patients. This study was aimed to evaluate the direct cost incurred in the management of ADRs to HAART in Indian HIV positive patients. This prospective study was conducted at a Medicine department in a South Indian tertiary care teaching hospitals were ADRs reporting system exist. HIV-positive hospitalized in-patients were identified and intensively monitored for ADRs to HAART. The World Health Organization (WHO) probability scale was used for causality assessment of ADRs. Modified Hart wig and Siegel scale was used for severity assessment of ADRs.Pearson chi-square test identified association of mean direct cost between ADRs and without ADRs by investigating total mean direct cost. The overall direct cost per ADRs to HAART was found to be higher in the context of expenditure on health care cost in India.
DOI 10.14302/issn.2639-3166.jar-22-4077
Wu XunCorresponding author
Institute of Upland Food Crops, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006 Guizhou, China
Selecting elite silage specific variety was important for modern animal husbandry development and agricultural production. In this paper, six forage quality related physiology traits were evaluated by using chemical detection method, the difference between maize silage and hybrid giant napier (pennisetumhydridum) were analyzed. Results showed that, maize showed better performance than that of hybrid giant napier, with average protein content of 8.54% VS 7.48%, starch content of 11.18% VS 7.90%, soluble sugar content of 4.09% VS 2.90%, and IVOMD of 35.23% VS 34.94%, respectively. No significant differences were found for NDF content and ADF content between maize and hybrid giant napier. In addition, QQ446 showed better performance than that of JY818, with higher IVOMD of 35.50% VS 34.95%, higher protein content of 8.60% VS 8.48%, higher starch content of 11.82% VS 10.53%, and lower ADF content of 32.86% VS 37.43%. These results proved that, QQ446 was the elite silage specific variety, it contained much more forage advantages, and could be widely used in future animal husbandry development and agricultural production.
Jun 2026 DOI 10.14302/issn.2694-2283.jsem-26-6247
Quintero GabrielCorresponding author
Background Ankle sprains are among the most common injuries in sports, often characterized by high recurrence rates despite appropriate local treatment. Traditional approaches primarily focus on the injured joint, with limited attention to proximal biomechanical factors that may predispose athletes to injury. Objective To propose a functional, longitudinal kinetic chain model in which sacroiliac joint dysfunction may act as a predisposing factor for ankle sprain/strain injuries in athletes. Methods This paper presents a clinical hypothesis based on biomechanical reasoning and observational findings. The proposed model describes how sacroiliac joint dysfunction, particularly posterior innominate rotation (PI), may lead to pelvic obliquity and functional leg length discrepancy. These changes may induce compensatory femoral external rotation and foot toe-out, altering ground contact mechanics during gait and running. Results (Hypothesis) The altered alignment and loading pattern may increase the vertical impact force and modify the ground reaction vector on the functionally shorter limb, resulting in reduced mechanical stability at the ankle during heel strike or foot contact. Over time, this may increase susceptibility to inversion or eversion injuries, manifesting clinically as recurrent sprain/strain. Conclusion Ankle sprains in athletes may, in some cases, represent the distal expression of a proximal biomechanical imbalance. Incorporating assessment of the sacroiliac joint and the longitudinal kinetic chain into routine clinical evaluation may improve injury risk identification and contribute to more effective prevention strategies. Further research is needed to investigate this proposed relationship.
May 2026 DOI 10.14302/issn.2572-3030.jcgb-26-6307
Faisst Arne-C.Corresponding author
The development of tumor biomarkers derived from blood, or its components, has become pivotal in advancing early cancer diagnosis. Malignant transformations induce cancer-specific alterations in the transcriptome, proteome, and secretome of tumor cells. Recent studies highlighted similar alterations in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in cancer patients, which appear to mirror the state of transformation in tumor cells. These findings suggest an intercellular communication–driven mechanism rather than a systemic inflammatory response and, in addition to current ctDNA-based liquid biopsy biomarkers, point to a novel, simple, and highly robust approach for the early detection of cancer. Using this phenomenon to advance PBMC-based biomarker development, it will be essential to achieve 3D in vitro tumor models that reproduce a highly physiological tumor microenvironment (TME). Likewise, more enhanced 3D ex vivo models are required to enable the replication of cell-to-cell and organ-to-organ communication. These systems will guide the self-organization of mixed microenvironments derived from different tissues and enable them to accurately reproduce the molecular connections underlying these alterations. In this study, an innovative new modular 3D co-culturing approach was used to expose PBMCs to lung tumoroids, under physiologically relevant conditions. Changes in DNA fragmentation of PBMCs in the presence of lung cancer were quantified and used as a biomarker. To validate the predictiveness of this biomarker, our results were compared with clinical data from a clinical evaluation study. Similar to the clinical trial observations, PBMCs, when exposed to lung tumoroids, showed a significantly lower level of DNA fragmentation (37%). This modular 3D co-culturing model showed a predictiveness of the clinical data of > 90%, demonstrating its power to monitoring cell-to-cell communication effects and support the development of blood-based biomarkers.
May 2026 DOI 10.14302/issn.2641-4538.jphi-26-6161
J GonzalezCorresponding author
Objectives Motor fluctuations and non-motor disorders not manageable by first-line treatments in advanced Parkinson's disease require continuous dopaminergic stimulation strategies such as subcutaneous infusions of apomorphine (APO) or foslevodopa/foscarbidopa (FLD/FCD). A Budget Impact Analysis (BIA) was performed to estimate the cost difference between both treatments assuming equivalent clinical efficacy and safety. Material and methods The efficacy results of pivotal clinical trials at 12 and 52 weeks of treatment and the safety profile of APO vs FLD/FCD were compared, based on latest scientific publications and other available clinical data. A comparative BIA was performed, based on estimated annual drug treatment costs at Spanish published prices. Results The efficacy of APO (16 h/day) and FLD/FCD (24 h/day) in reduction of OFF hours (2.47 vs 2.75, 12 weeks; 3.66 vs 3.50, 52 weeks; respectively) and increase of ON hours without disabling dyskinesias (2.77 vs 2.72, 12 weeks; 3.31 vs 3.80, 52 weeks; respectively) could be considered clinically equivalent, as well as their safety profiles. However, a significant discrepancy is observed in the costs of the aforementioned alternatives. Considering published prices and the average dose reported in the literature, in Spain the annual cost of APO would be €13,980 compared to €55,198 for FLD/FCD. Consequently, the financial resources required for the treatment of FLD/FCD would enable the treatment of approximately three to four patients with APO. The BIA indicated the potential for annual savings in more than €2,500 million, considering a total target population of over 60,000 patients per year. Finally, an univariant sensitivity analysis was performed, considering a scenario in which the hospital acquisition cost of FLD/FCD decreased between 20%-30% (€44,159- €38,638/year). In this scenario, the total annual savings range between €1,875-€1,532 million per year. Conclusions Overall APO is more efficient than FLD/FCD, as it provides similar clinical efficacy at a lower treatment cost. The selection of an appropriate treatment option is to be determined by clinical criteria and patient characteristics, but cost evaluation should be considered to select the most cost-effective therapeutic option.
Feb 2026 DOI 10.14302/issn.2473-1005.jdoi-25-5935
Romulus Calin FodorCorresponding author
The aim of this article is to present alternative possibilities for corrective intervention using corticobasal implants, following the failure of treatment with two stage implant in cases of extensive edentulism, multi-segmented edentulism, and the development of peri-implantitis 1 at the level of these implants. For this purpose, a case was selected involving a patient treated with two stage implants in a multi-segmented manner, in the distal regions of the maxilla and mandible, where the implants were affected after 12 years by peri-implantitis in proportions ranging from 20% to 100% in different areas of bone, with a predominance in the vestibular area. The decision was made to remove the affected two stage implants, as well as the remaining deciduous teeth, with or without periodontal conditions, but whose position on the arch made improperly rehabilitation, both functionally and aesthetically impossible, and made the second rehabilitation with polished corticobasal and compressive implants in immediate loading 2. Function and aesthetics of the gnathological apparatus were restored through definitive fixed metal-ceramic prosthetics on the support of corticobasal and compressive implants within 4 days from the beginning of the treatment, with the result being monitored over a period of 3 years and 3 months, and this evaluation is to continue over time. From a surgical perspective, for secondary rehabilitation with polished corticobasal and compressive implants, strategic positions in the maxillary and mandibular bones were used as follows: the fusion area of the maxillary bone with the sphenoid bone, the nasal cortex, the sinus cortex the lingual cortex distal to the mylohyoid line, and the interforaminal mandible area.34 These areas correspond to methods described in Consensus Number 6 in the IF The Foundation of Knowledge 5. In conclusion, the treatment with corticobasal, compressive polished implants is successful even in the case of a difficult clinical scenario like the one described for this patient 6. The reduced treatment time, along with the absence of the need for sinus lifts or bone grafts, makes it the ideal solution in any situation. The use of corticobasal implants, with fixation in the second/third cortical layer and an immediate loading protocol, should represent the primary solution in treating cases with poor bone representation, and no only as a “Corrective Intervention with Corticobasal® Implants”7.
Feb 2026 DOI 10.14302/issn.2641-5518.jcci-26-5982
Philip Taah-AmoakoCorresponding author
Introduction A retained surgical towel in the abdomen is a serious postoperative complication and the most avoidable. Known as “gossypiboma”, it may migrate into adjoining cavities like the stomach, small bowel, colon, vagina, urinary bladder, pericardium, and urethra. Case Report A 32-year-old male presented with complaints of abdominal pain, 4 months after a laparotomy for complicated appendicitis. Initial history and presentation gave an impression of a lower urinary tract obstruction. However, symptoms progressed with signs of bowel obstruction and investigations pointed to a possible retained foreign body. This was confirmed on laparotomy with indications of a transmural migration during the period of evaluation. The report discusses the pathophysiology and manifestations of a migratory surgical gossypiboma. Conclusions A rare case of gossypiboma displaying transmural migration is reported. This showed an initially peritoneally placed sponge that migrated into the intestinal lumen with the sudden presentation of obstructive symptoms. Routine practice of the World Health Organization Surgical Safety Checklist can significantly prevent these incidents.
Feb 2026 DOI 10.14302/issn.2474-9273.jbtm-25-5885
Jia NingCorresponding author
Background Depression, increasingly recognized as a critical factor impacting mental health, notably affects various populations, including teachers. This study aimed to delineate the specific characteristics of depressive symptom networks among Chinese teachers, identify the core symptoms of depression within this demographic, and examine the variations in depressive symptom networks across different genders and teaching stages. Method The study encompassed 1,670 teachers. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). Central symptoms were identified through centrality indices. Network stability was examined via a case-dropping procedure. Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAG) was used to identify the activating symptoms. Results “Personal devaluation” exhibited the highest and most stable centrality values in the network. “Depressed Affect” and “Emptiness of Life” were identified as the activating symptoms in the network. No significant differences were observed in the network structure and global strength of depression between teachers of different genders. However, significant differences in the network’s global strength were found between junior and senior high school teachers. Conclusion “Personal devaluation” emerged as the core depressive symptoms among teachers in China. “Depressed Affect” and “Emptiness of Life” serve as the gateways that activate the entire teacher depression network. Paying close attention to these symptoms could potentially alleviate the experiences of depression in this demographic.
Jan 2026 DOI 10.14302/issn.2470-0436.jos-25-5905
Al-Yarabi MohammedCorresponding author
Purpose To report a rare case of Mooren’s ulcer in a healthy young male without systemic autoimmune disease, and to highlight the effectiveness of conjunctival resection as therapy for cases unresponsive to medical management. Case report A 34-year-old immunocompetent male presented with progressive peripheral corneal ulceration in the left eye. Extensive systemic and infectious evaluations, including rheumatologic, immunologic, and microbiological testing, were unremarkable. Human leukocyte antigen genotyping was DR17(03)-negative and DQ2-positive. Rheumatological evaluation yielded no definitive systemic diagnosis. Despite immunosuppressive therapy with adjuvant medications, the epithelial defect and stromal inflammation persisted. The patient underwent conjunctival resection, resulting in marked reduction in inflammation, rapid re-epithelialization, and structural stabilization of the cornea. Histopathology of excised conjunctiva showed nonspecific inflammation without granulomatous changes, vasculitis, or neoplastic features. During follow-up, patient remained in remission with visual acuity preserved at 6/6 bilaterally and no recurrence. Conclusion Mooren’s ulcer is rare but vision-threatening. Early recognition, comprehensive evaluation, and timely surgical intervention can be vision-saving. This case highlights the role of a multidisciplinary approach and supports conjunctival resection as a useful adjunct in refractory disease. Long-term follow-up is essential.
Dec 2025
Waine ArnoldCorresponding author
Background Intravenous Fluids use during surgery is a common practice for many reasons. However recent evaluation of perioperative abdominal surgery patients have poised many issues. Mostly on the type of fluid and quantity of volume usage on major abdominal surgery. Many studies into this aspect of perioperative fluid usage have been done, and volume definition have been accrued either restrictive (Maintenance fluid of less than 1.75 Liters) or liberal or standard (Maintenance fluid between 1.75 Liters to 2.75 Liters) usage. The outcome was assessed to ascertain the best patient recovery without complications from the two fluid regime. Result/Discussion After PRISMA exclusion criteria, there were eight randomized control studies assessed to provide a summary, comparing all the studies using either restrictive fluid or liberal fluids used in major abdominal surgery. Post operative complications and the length of hospital stay were assessed as the major outcomes end points and the cumulative result favored those with restrictive fluid usage. Conclusion Although the restrictive use of fluids in abdominal surgery is favored from the measured outcomes, there are inherent cofounders and heterogenicity in the eight studies that require more detail studies involving multiple study centers and population.
May 2025 DOI 10.14302/issn.2694-2283.jsem-25-5529
Al-saeed NawafCorresponding author
Background Septic arthritis is a potentially limb or life-threatening joint infection that requires prompt recognition and intervention to reduce morbidity and mortality. While intra-articular joint injections are commonly performed for osteoarthritis and other arthropathies, they carry a rare but significant risk of iatrogenic infection, particularly when performed in the presence of unrecognized joint or periarticular infection. Case Presentation We report a case of a 52-year-old female with a history of traumatic brain injury and chronic right knee pain who developed severe knee swelling, pain, and systemic symptoms following an intra-articular corticosteroid injection performed without ultrasound evaluation/guidance. Post-procedure, she presented with fever, elevated inflammatory markers, and purulent knee effusion. Operative washout revealed a purulent tract extending from the knee joint capsule to the lateral thigh. Cultures from joint aspiration and intraoperative samples grew Streptococcus dysgalactiae. Blood cultures were negative. The patient reported frequent cat scratches to the affected knee and described an unusual sensation of the injection needle tracking laterally during the joint injection. She was treated with surgical drainage and a four-week course of amoxicillin, with full clinical recovery. Discussion This case highlights an unusual presentation of septic arthritis with extra-capsular extension likely due to iatrogenic needle tracking during joint injection. The causative organism, S. dysgalactiae, is an uncommon pathogen in septic arthritis, and the presumed source was contiguous spread from untreated cellulitis, possibly related to cat scratches/bites. The absence of predisposing comorbidities and negative blood cultures further support a local rather than hematogenous source. The case emphasizes the importance of thorough clinical evaluation and consideration of infection prior to joint injections, as well as the potential benefits of ultrasound guidance to minimize procedural complications. Conclusion Careful history, physical examination, and appropriate imaging are essential prior to joint interventions to avoid iatrogenic complications. This case illustrates the rare but serious risk of extra-capsular extension of septic arthritis following intra-articular injection and emphasizes the need for vigilance in identifying underlying infection before proceeding with invasive procedures.
Aug 2024 DOI 10.14302/issn.2470-0436.jos-24-5162
Alves Ambrósio JoãoCorresponding author
Introduction Cystoid macular edema (CME) is a sight-threatening condition caused by fluid accumulation in the macula due to blood-retinal barrier disruption. Various factors, including drug reactions, can lead to retinal fluid leakage. Leflunomide, a disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug, marked significant progress in managing rheumatoid arthritis. Although effective, Leflunomide has rarely been linked to CME. This report presents a unique case of Leflunomide-induced CME, adding to the limited literature on this subject. Methods We report the case of a 75-year-old female with rheumatoid arthritis treated with Leflunomide, presenting with bilateral CME and reduced visual acuity (VA). Comprehensive ophthalmic evaluations, including VA tests, fundus examination, and optical coherence tomography, were conducted. Results The patient presented with CME and decreased VA in both eyes for several months. She had undergone cataract surgery 20 years prior and was using topical nepafenac, dorzolamide, and dexamethasone. Initial VA was OD 20/50 and OS 20/40. VA improved with treatment, but CME recurred upon discontinuation. The patient had been on Leflunomide for one year. After consulting with the Rheumatology department and considering a previous case of bilateral Leflunomide-induced CME, the drug was discontinued. CME resolved without recurrence or the need for topical treatment. At her final visit, VA was OU 20/25. Conclusion This case highlights Leflunomide as a potential, though rare, cause of CME. It emphasizes considering systemic medications in CME diagnosis. Timely discontinuation of Leflunomide may resolve CME and prevent further visual impairment. Further studies are needed to understand this rare side effect comprehensively.
Jun 2024 DOI 10.14302/issn.2379-7835.ijn-24-5117
Hoon Kim DoCorresponding author
In this study, the efficacy and safety of DKB-131 (extract of Siraitiagrosvenorii) in adults of both genders presenting mild symptoms of knee arthritis were evaluated in comparison to a placebo. This clinical trial was randomized, double-blind, multicenter, and lasted for 12 weeks. A total of 120 participants with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores of 30 mm or higher in the knee area and Kellgren & Lawrence Grade I or II knee arthritis on X-ray were enrolled, with 60 subjects randomized to receive DKB-131 and 60 subjects receiving placebo. Following 12 weeks of consumption, the change in K-WOMAC total score assessed in the per protocol (PP) set revealed a reduction of 21.86±15.98 points in participants who received DKB-131 (p<0.0001), whereas those in the placebo group exhibited a reduction of 14.92±16.66 points (p<0.0001). This demonstrated a statistically significant difference between the test groups (p=0.0389). Additionally, significant differences were observed between the DKB-131 and placebo groups in the changes in K-WOMAC pain (p=0.0157) and physical function (p=0.0447). For the secondary efficacy endpoint, the change in Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores, analyzed in the PP set after 12 weeks of consumption, the test group showed a reduction of 17.82±13.80 mm (p<0.0001), while the control group exhibited a reduction of 11.81±13.99 mm (p<0.0001), indicating a statistically significant difference between the test groups (p=0.0359). Safety evaluations including hematological tests, biochemical tests, and urinalysis revealed no clinically significant differences between the consumption groups. Additionally, vital signs (pulse, blood pressure) and anthropometric measurements (body weight) did not exhibit clinically significant differences between the consumption groups, confirming the safety of DKB-131. We propose that the consumption of DKB-131 is safe for humans and may contribute to joint health. Trial registration (CRIS.NIH.go.Kr): KCT0008527
Apr 2024 DOI 10.14302/issn.2994-6743.ijstd-24-5006
Khatoon Hossein Mehdi Poor NargisCorresponding author
Objectives This study explores the clinical characteristics, associated infections, and management outcomes of syphilis within a specific population over the years 2018 to 2022. With a focus on the frequency, clinical manifestations, and co-infections of syphilis, the research addresses a critical gap in understanding the nuanced dynamics of this sexually transmitted infection and its impact on public health. Methods The study employs a retrospective analysis of data collected from 2018 to 2022, utilizing three key serological tests (Syphilis AB, RPR/VDRL, and TPHA) to characterize syphilis infections within the population. Clinical manifestations and associated infections, including HIV, HBV, HCV, Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, and HPV, are systematically assessed. Treatment rates and re-infection patterns are also analyzed, providing a comprehensive overview of syphilis epidemiology within the studied timeframe. Results The frequency of syphilis, particularly indicated by the Syphilis AB test, exhibited a marked increase in 2020, reaching 96%, suggesting a heightened frequency within the population. RPR/VDRL test results demonstrated consistent frequency, emphasizing the persistent presence of active syphilis infections. Clinical manifestations, such as chancre, skin rashes, alopecia syphilitica, and lymphadenopathy, displayed dynamic patterns over the study years. Co-infection rates varied, with fluctuations observed in HIV, Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, and HPV, while HBV and HCV showed infrequent but stable frequency. The management of syphilis cases demonstrated commendable treatment rates, but an increase in re-infection rates in 2021 highlights the need for continued vigilance. Conclusion This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of syphilis epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and associated infections within the studied population. The results offer valuable insights into the dynamic nature of syphilis and its co-infections, informing public health initiatives and interventions. The findings contribute to our understanding of the epidemiological landscape and underscore the importance of sustained efforts in both prevention and treatment to curb the transmission of syphilis and its associated infections. The study, however, calls for continued vigilance and research to address the evolving trends and challenges in syphilis management within the specified population.
Apr 2024 DOI 10.14302/issn.2641-4538.jphi-24-5044
Li ShujunCorresponding author
Objective To study changes of cell morphology in BALF in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP). Methods From December 2021 to May 2022, a group of 32 children diagnosed with Acute MPP and admitted for treatment in the Pediatrics Department and PICU of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University were selected for our study. These patients underwent bronchoalveolar lavage as part of their clinical assessment. For comparison, we included a control group comprising 10 children who were not infected but had bronchial foreign bodies. We investigated the cellular composition in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) using Wright-Giemsa staining and microscopic evaluation, aiming to understand the relationship between shifts in cell proportions and extra-pulmonary symptoms associated with MPP. Results In this study, a total of 42 cases were enrolled, with 32 cases in the study group and 10 cases in the control group. There were no statistically significant differences in gender, age, height, weight, and BMI between the two groups (p > 0.05). The study group exhibited significantly higher levels of neutrophil percentage (GRA%), CRP, D-dimer, and LDH in blood routine tests compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the proportions of neutrophils (%) and macrophages (%) in BALF were significantly higher in the study group compared to the control group (p< 0.05), while the proportion of lymphocytes (%) in BALF showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups (p> 0.05). Conclusion In the acute phase of MPP in children, BALF is predominantly composed of neutrophils. A lower proportion of lymphocytes in BALF is associated with a higher incidence of extra-pulmonary manifestations and longer hospitalization duration.
Feb 2024 DOI 10.14302/issn.2766-8681.jcsr-24-4897
Garapati SupriyaCorresponding author
Introduction The arrangement of teaching content to relate to or unite concepts that are regularly taught in different academic courses or departments is referred to as integration of teaching. It simply refers to creating links between theoretical knowledge and actual application. Teaching the fundamental sciences in separate blocks prevents students from having the opportunity to connect and integrate their newly acquired knowledge. Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness of Integrated teaching method over traditional teaching and perception of students towards integrated method among first MBBS students Methodology The total of 62MBBS first year students are randomly divided into two groups, with 31 in each group. Group A is subjected for Conventional teaching and Group B for Integrated teaching method in the same topic. Among the 2 sessions one session is Horizontal and other is Vertical method of integrated teaching have been implemented. Finally, an evaluation test was conducted for both the groups and the mean marks obtained by the students were analyzed by using SPSS software version 17. Student’s perception towards this method was evaluated by pre-validated feedback questionnaire and analyzed. Results The mean marks (outof40) obtained by Group B (Conventional teaching) is 13.82 and by Group A (Integrated Teaching) is 31.18. So, the marks obtained by students after integrated method were found to be higher than the other group which underwent conventional teaching and this difference was found to be statistically significant (P <0.0001). Discussion and conclusion In comparison to the typical conventional method, integrated teaching has been found to be a more successful mode of instruction in terms of students' performance and assessment exams.
Nov 2023 DOI 10.14302/issn.2381-862X.jwrh-23-4766
G. Ong EmilyCorresponding author
This study explored concerns and unsolicited advice relating to miscarriage shared on multiple social media platforms for mentions of questions, advocacy, medical advice, conflicts of interest, and terminology used to describe miscarriage. Public social media posts in English from January 1st, 2019 to June 30th, 2021 were searched using keywords related to miscarriage. A dataset of questions, advice, conflicts of interest, and terminology used was created from eligible posts determined by inclusionary and exclusionary criteria. The dataset was analyzed to identify themes and calculate statistics. Approximately 1000 posts were reviewed and 149 posts were found eligible for analysis. Of the total, 116 posts included advice and a subset of 71 posts offered questions. A total of 152 mentions of advice were identified from the total eligible posts with 82.9% of advice related to advocacy for destigmatizing miscarriage, enhancing community support, or expressing grief. 17.1% of posts offered medical advice eligible for evaluation of which 73% were accurate across all platforms. From the dataset, 103 questions were analyzed for common themes. The four most common themes of questions included grief, self-blame, quality of post-miscarriage counseling in different care settings, and inadequate medical counseling. This study indicates that women who experience miscarriage have many unanswered questions and powerful feelings relating to grief and self-blame that could have long-term impacts. Social media has become a place for women to self-advocate and connect with others for support, from which clinicians could increase their understanding of women’s unmet needs.
Aug 2023 DOI 10.14302/issn.2379-7835.ijn-23-4688
Fernando Javier Lavalle-GonzalezCorresponding author
Non-nutritive sweeteners are used as adjuncts in treating patients with diabetes to reduce carbohydrate intake. Monk fruit is an FDA-approved1 natural NNS2-. There is no information regarding the use of monk fruit in individuals with T2DM3. The primary objective was to compare the glycemic response to sucrose and monk fruit in individuals with and without T2DM. Twenty-six individuals with T2DM and 29 without DM4 underwent two oral glucose tolerance tests5 after a 250-ml sucrose- or monk fruit-sweetened beverage. Glucose levels were measured at 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes. An appetite scale was used before and after the procedure. Insulin levels were measured in ten randomly selected individuals from the control group. The glucose levels at 30 and 120 min were significantly lower in both groups in the monk fruit-OGTT. There was a peak response in the T2DM group at 90 min (median, IQR, 247 mg/dL, 203-293) with the sucrose OGTT, while no peak response was seen in the monk fruit OGTT. There were no differences between sweeteners in terms of appetite evaluation. The postprandial effect on insulin levels was flat with the monk fruit-sweetened beverage. In contrast, there was a significantly higher spike with the sucrose-sweetened beverage. In conclusion, monk fruit does not increase glucose levels in individuals with T2DM; thus, it could be a safe alternative as a substitute food sweetener.
Mar 2022 DOI 10.14302/issn.2692-1537.ijcv-22-4117
Wu JianqingCorresponding author
Healthier World (Independent researcher for cause), P. O. Box 689, Beltsville, MD 20704. USA
Several mRNA vaccines are used on the population in the U.S. I started predicting the dangers of mRNA vaccines before March 2021 and update my findings periodically. My prior model study enabled me to identify many flaws in clinical trials, side-effect evaluation methods and mechanism studies, and I also considered consistent failure in predicting drug side effects in the past and systematic failure of FDA in keeping out dangerous drugs from market. I found that the risks of vaccination cannot be determined by experiments alone and must be determined by using a combination of methods. By studying mRNA expression dynamics and kinetics, I predict that vaccination with mRNA vaccines may increase cancer risks, multiple organ failure risks, earlier death risks, genome alteration speeds by one or more mechanisms, alter the normal selection process for viral evolution resulting in more virulent viruses, and aggravate chronic diseases or cause healed diseases to relapse. Two root problems are practical inability to control expression sites and severe adverse reactions from repeated vaccination. Based on mRNA bio-distribution, the mRNA mainly strikes the liver and other vital organs, and poses grave dangers to persons whose vascular functional reserves are relatively small, or whose vascular systems are temporarily burdened by other causes such as viral infections or life activities. If an mRNA vaccine is administered on a pregnant woman by second or booster shots, spike protein synthesis in fetus brain disrupts the highly regulated protein synthesis processes, resulting in potential brain damages. In less than a year, most of my early predicted damages are being materialized or are on the track to hit the population. In this update, I present a benefits-and-risks map to show how the number of deaths caused by mRNA vaccines is grossly underestimated and why claimed benefits like 95% effectiveness rate and 90% death rate reduction are meaningless and misleading.
Feb 2022 DOI 10.14302/issn.2689-5773.jcdp-22-4065
Zaichick VladimirCorresponding author
Prof., Dr. Vladimir Zaichick, Medical Radiological Research Centre, Korolyev St. 4, Obninsk 249036, Russia.
Thyroid malignant nodules (TMNs) are the most common endocrine cancer. The etiology and pathogenesis of TMNs must be considered as multifactorial. Diagnostic evaluation of TMNs represents a challenge, since there are numerous benign and malignant thyroid disorders that need to be exactly attributed. The present study was performed to clarify the possible role of some trace elements (TEs) as cancer biomarker. For this aim thyroid tissue levels of copper (Cu), iron (Fe), iodine (I), rubidium (Rb), strontium (Sr), and zinc (Zn) were prospectively evaluated in malignant tumor and thyroid tissue adjacent to tumor of 41 patients with TMNs. Measurements were performed using energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescent analysis. Results of the study were additionally compared with previously obtained data for the same TEs in “normal” thyroid tissue. From results obtained, it was possible to conclude that the common characteristics of TMNs in comparison with “normal” thyroid and visually “intact” thyroid tissue adjacent to tumor were drastically reduced level of I. It was supposed that the drastically reduced level of I content in cancerous tissue could possibly be explored for differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules.
Dec 2021 DOI 10.14302/issn.2471-2140.jaa-21-4027
Singh SushilaCorresponding author
Department of Chemistry, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India.
Medicinal plants have been used since the era of Vedic history for their health care system where herbal medicine has a long history of use. It is also a very popular medicinal plant belonging to the Leguminosae family and is commonly known as Mulhatti. It contains phytochemicals such as flavonoids, triterpene saponins and other constituents such as coumarins, sugars, amino acids, tannins, starch, choline, phytosterols etc. The present study was conducted for the estimation of phytochemicals (total phenols and flavonoids) and the evaluation of the total antioxidant capacity and DPPH free-radical scavenging activity in aqueous extracts of different pH (2, 4, 7 and 9) from aerial parts of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. The content of phenolic compounds was maximal at pH 7 (14.13 mg GAE/g) and flavonoids at pH 9 (4.90 mg CE/g) and the total antioxidant capacity was maximal at pH 9 (13.43 mg AAE/g) and free radical scavenging DPPH activity was highest at pH 7 (IC50 value = 60.48 µg/ml). Thus, the aerial part is a good source of phytochemicals and also acts as a good antioxidant.
Dec 2021 DOI 10.14302/issn.2577-2279.ijha-21-4005
Musa Fadlelmula KhalidCorresponding author
Jazan University -Faculty of Medicine-Anatomy Department
During routine dissection of the right hand of a 52-year-old Asian descent male cadaver in the Department of Anatomy at Jazan University-Faculty of Medicine, we observed an anatomical variation of the ulnar nerve (UN). There was a trifurcation of the nerve in the ulnar tunnel proximal to the pisiform bone. An awareness of such variation may be of great clinical importance despite the presence of trifurcation of the ulnar nerve, which does not usually cause symptoms but becomes important in the evaluation of entrapment neuropathy and during surgical and orthopedic interventions
Nov 2021 DOI 10.14302/issn.2470-0436.jos-21-4016
C. Alabado JibinCorresponding author
Philippines
Malignant transformation of peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) may develop from a plexiform type of Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) or previously irradiated areas. Generally, MPNSTs occur in about 2% to 5% of neurofibromatosis patients. In this paper, we present a 58-year-old male patient with neurofibromatosis who developed MPNST of the eyelids and nasal area. The patient had a history of multiple excision biopsies for facial tumors in 22 years at different institutions, allegedly revealing neurofibromas on histopathological evaluation. A recent consult with the Otorhinolaryngology Service (ORL) prompted an excision biopsy with results consistent with neurofibroma. The mass recurred and enlarged even more rapidly compared to the previously excised tumor. The patient also developed four tumors on the eyelids hence the referral to Ophthalmology Service. The eyelid masses and nasal mass were excised by the Ophthalmology and ORL Services. Histopathology revealed identical MPNST characteristics on all excised tumors. The patient was eventually referred to the Oncology Service to evaluate radio and chemotherapy. A rapid change in the size of a preexisting neurofibroma, infiltration of the adjacent structures, intralesional hemorrhage, and pain usually indicates a possible malignant transformation into MPNST. A high index of suspicion is helpful for clinicians when presented with a case of a recurrent neurofibromatosis, even if the only sign is the rapid growth of the mass since management of MPNST is very different from neurofibromatosis.
Aug 2021 DOI 10.14302/issn.2641-4538.jphi-21-3927
Nagaraj NitashaCorresponding author
Assistant Professor, The George Washington University.
While Guatemala has made great strides towards gender equality, it remains a country with vast disparities. Gender sensitization and empowerment programs during adolescence when gender attitudes are formed have the potential to diminish gender inequities. The Girl Rising Pilot Program (GR) is a 24-week curriculum designed for adolescent girls living in the Sololá region where 95% of the total population is indigenous and Mayan. The present pilot study evaluated outcomes of the GR Guatemala pilot program. Specifically, the evaluation examined whether there were differences between baseline and follow-up on perceptions of gender equity, aspirations, and communication for adolescent girls who participated in the GR program. A quasi-experimental study design with a one group pre- and post-test was implemented. The pilot evaluation study included all 265 participants at baseline who participated in the GR program. after controlling for significant variables, it was found that the gender equitable attitudes score and communications scale still significantly increased between baseline and follow-up. The results of this evaluation prove that gender sensitization programs play a key role in forming and changing gender attitudes during adolescence, and have the potential to alter their short and long-term attitudes and beliefs.
Jul 2021 DOI 10.14302/issn.2576-2818.jfb-20-3559
Adetona AdesojiCorresponding author
Nigeria
Background Male Infertility accounts for 30-40% of all cases of infertility and its evaluation requires a good history, thorough physical examination, and several investigations to include testicular biopsy which might be used to further categorize infertile males for proper management and prognostication. This study aims to determine the predominant histopathological patterns of testicular biopsies in infertile males and to compare the findings with previous studies. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study of 225 selected cases of testicular biopsies reviewed for the evaluation of male infertility in the Pathology department, of a tertiary hospital, Southwest, Nigeria, between 1987 and 2012. Relevant clinical and histopathological information was extracted from the departmental records. All histologic cases were reviewed, and a classification based on histological patterns of spermatogenesis was utilized to group the cases into normal findings, hypo spermatogenesis, maturation arrest, Sertoli cell-only syndrome, peritubular hyalinization/ tubular fibrosis and mixed patterns. The data obtained were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics at a 5% level of significance. Results Among the 225 cases reviewed with a mean age of 37.7 years (SD - 8.61), 82.7% had primary infertility of which 92.9% were azoospermic, while 7.1% had oligospermia. The histological patterns included 34.2% of Hypospermatogenesis, 32% of Peritubular hyalinization/ tubular fibrosis, 14.2% had maturation arrest and Sertoli cell-only syndrome was found in 6.7% of cases, only 0.9% had normal histologic pattern while the mixed histologic pattern was seen in 12% of cases. Conclusion The commonest morphological pattern was Hypospermatogenesis, which is similar to some of the previous local and international studies. A high percentage of peritubular fibrosis was noted with few tubules containing scanty late spermatids or spermatozoa when proper sampling and evaluation were made. Multiple patterns within a biopsy were seen with careful review, especially in non-obstructive azoospermic cases. This is significant in male infertility patient management in our environment because it suggests greater chances of successful sperm extraction for Assisted Reproduction Technique in such patients.
Jul 2021 DOI 10.14302/issn.2575-1212.jvhc-21-3873
Zalama EsraaCorresponding author
Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt.
Objective Evaluation of the ability of autogenous Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnONPs) to repair critical-sized ulnar defects in rabbits based on radiographic assessment. Design Randomized controlled study. Animals Twenty-four healthy male white New Zealand rabbits with an age of 6.0 ± 0.3 months and weight of 2.5 ± 0.29 Kg were used. Procedures A 12 mm defect was created in the diaphysis of the right ulnae in allrabbits,then the rabbits were randomly allocated into three groups (8 each): Control group, (the defect left for healing without grafts), platelets rich fibrin group (PRF group, the defect filled with PRF) and combination group (PRF/ZnONPs group, the defect filled with both PRF and ZnONPs). Healing capacity between the groups was evaluated by immediate postoperative radiographic assessment and subsequently at the first and the second postoperative months. Results Statistical analysis showed significant differences in the radiographic healing score between the groups (P = 0.000) at all-time points (P = 0.000- 0.003) during the study. Rabbits in the combination group showed the highest radiographic healing scores followed by the PRF group meanwhile, the Control group showed minimal radiographic healing scores. Conclusion and Clinical Relevance The addition of ZnONPs to PRF can accelerate the healing of ulnar critical-size defects in rabbits.