Open Access Pub publishes peer-reviewed, free-to-read open-access articles. Showing
articles matching Grafts — open any to read the full text,
or download the PDF or XML.
Feb 2026 DOI 10.14302/issn.2473-1005.jdoi-25-5935
Romulus Calin FodorCorresponding author
The aim of this article is to present alternative possibilities for corrective intervention using corticobasal implants, following the failure of treatment with two stage implant in cases of extensive edentulism, multi-segmented edentulism, and the development of peri-implantitis 1 at the level of these implants. For this purpose, a case was selected involving a patient treated with two stage implants in a multi-segmented manner, in the distal regions of the maxilla and mandible, where the implants were affected after 12 years by peri-implantitis in proportions ranging from 20% to 100% in different areas of bone, with a predominance in the vestibular area. The decision was made to remove the affected two stage implants, as well as the remaining deciduous teeth, with or without periodontal conditions, but whose position on the arch made improperly rehabilitation, both functionally and aesthetically impossible, and made the second rehabilitation with polished corticobasal and compressive implants in immediate loading 2. Function and aesthetics of the gnathological apparatus were restored through definitive fixed metal-ceramic prosthetics on the support of corticobasal and compressive implants within 4 days from the beginning of the treatment, with the result being monitored over a period of 3 years and 3 months, and this evaluation is to continue over time. From a surgical perspective, for secondary rehabilitation with polished corticobasal and compressive implants, strategic positions in the maxillary and mandibular bones were used as follows: the fusion area of the maxillary bone with the sphenoid bone, the nasal cortex, the sinus cortex the lingual cortex distal to the mylohyoid line, and the interforaminal mandible area.34 These areas correspond to methods described in Consensus Number 6 in the IF The Foundation of Knowledge 5. In conclusion, the treatment with corticobasal, compressive polished implants is successful even in the case of a difficult clinical scenario like the one described for this patient 6. The reduced treatment time, along with the absence of the need for sinus lifts or bone grafts, makes it the ideal solution in any situation. The use of corticobasal implants, with fixation in the second/third cortical layer and an immediate loading protocol, should represent the primary solution in treating cases with poor bone representation, and no only as a “Corrective Intervention with Corticobasal® Implants”7.
Dec 2025 DOI 10.14302/issn.2473-1005.jdoi-25-5870
Arthur Ferreira RibasCorresponding author
This narrative literature review investigates the clinical feasibility of maxillary sinus lift using the lateral window (or traumatic) technique, employing a grafting material composed of hydroxyapatite associated with beta-tricalcium phosphate. The study is based on the premise that bone resorption and sinus pneumatization—common in edentulous posterior maxillae—pose a challenge to achieving primary stability during dental implant placement. Given the limitation imposed by reduced residual bone height, bone-grafting surgical techniques become necessary to enable implant-supported rehabilitation. The objective of this work is to analyze, through a literature review, the efficacy of combining synthetic biomaterials as an alternative to autogenous bone grafts, which are considered the gold standard in implant dentistry. A bibliographic search was conducted in the PubMed and LILACS databases and through the VHL portal, prioritizing articles addressing the biological properties of alloplastic grafts, the indications of the lateral window technique, and the clinical success rates of implants placed in previously grafted areas using such materials. The findings demonstrated that hydroxyapatite associated with beta-tricalcium phosphate exhibits favorable osteoconductive characteristics, such as adequate porosity and gradual resorption, while allowing the formation of viable bone within a clinically acceptable timeframe. The combination of these materials eliminates the need for a second surgical site, reduces morbidity, and maintains treatment predictability. It is concluded that the lateral window technique associated with synthetic biomaterials is a safe and effective alternative for patients with maxillary bone atrophy, capable of promoting suitable bone beds for dental implant placement and stabilization, with lower surgical risk and satisfactory clinical outcomes.
Jul 2025 DOI 10.14302/issn.2379-8572.joa-25-5592
Zakariya Yahya Al Riyami ShadenCorresponding author
Objective The repair of the tympanic membrane has been attempted with large variety of synthetic, homologous and autologous tissue; however, temporalis fascia and cartilage-perichondrium are used most commonly today. Study Design This is a prospective study of patients confirmed to have CSOM and operated during the years of 2012-2013 at Al Nahdha Hospital, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman. The patients were followed up postoperatively at which we compared the graft success rate and level of hearing improvement. Setting ENT clinic at Al Nahda hospital Subjects Patients who presented to the ENT clinic at Al Nahda hospital, operated in the period between 2012 and 2013, diagnosed as CSOM and meeting our inclusion criteria. Methods We compared the outcome of the repair of the tympanic membrane perforation using temporalis fascia graft versus cartilage perichondrium grafts. Results 100% of the cartilage-perichondrium group showed a successful graft uptake in comparison to 98.9% in the temporalis fascia. Our data did not show significant differences in the average air bone gap change in both groups. Conclusion Both cartilage-perichondrium and temporalis fascia provide viable autograft material. Both achieve comparable and excellent graft uptake. Completion of our study is needed to study the hearing restoration in both groups.
Jul 2021 DOI 10.14302/issn.2575-1212.jvhc-21-3873
Zalama EsraaCorresponding author
Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt.
Objective Evaluation of the ability of autogenous Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnONPs) to repair critical-sized ulnar defects in rabbits based on radiographic assessment. Design Randomized controlled study. Animals Twenty-four healthy male white New Zealand rabbits with an age of 6.0 ± 0.3 months and weight of 2.5 ± 0.29 Kg were used. Procedures A 12 mm defect was created in the diaphysis of the right ulnae in allrabbits,then the rabbits were randomly allocated into three groups (8 each): Control group, (the defect left for healing without grafts), platelets rich fibrin group (PRF group, the defect filled with PRF) and combination group (PRF/ZnONPs group, the defect filled with both PRF and ZnONPs). Healing capacity between the groups was evaluated by immediate postoperative radiographic assessment and subsequently at the first and the second postoperative months. Results Statistical analysis showed significant differences in the radiographic healing score between the groups (P = 0.000) at all-time points (P = 0.000- 0.003) during the study. Rabbits in the combination group showed the highest radiographic healing scores followed by the PRF group meanwhile, the Control group showed minimal radiographic healing scores. Conclusion and Clinical Relevance The addition of ZnONPs to PRF can accelerate the healing of ulnar critical-size defects in rabbits.
Dec 2019 DOI 10.14302/issn.2372-6601.jhor-19-3092
S. Tsingotjidou AnastasiaCorresponding author
Laboratory of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, GR-541 24, Greece
Waldenström Macroglobulinemia (WM) is a B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder characterized mainly by uncontrolled accrual of M- immunoglobulin, secreted by malignant lymphoplasmatic cells. Mast cells interacting with malignant B-cells play an important role at the manifestation of the disease. Utilizing a previous xenotransplantation mouse model, this study evaluates long-term implant viability and quantifies distinct bone marrow mast cell populations along with their dynamics in non-WM and WM human bone implants. Non-WM bone implants were obtained from the femoral head of adult humans undergoing hip arthroplasty or hemiarthroplasty, whereas WM human bone implants originated from bone biopsies obtained from the posterior iliac crest of patients with active WM. All bone particles were implanted intramuscularly in twenty-four NOD/SCID mice. Following 3, 4 or 8 months postoperatively, xenografts were removed and studied using special histological techniques to identify mature and immature mast cells. Xenografts survived up to 8 months after implantation presenting normal cytoarchitecture (non-WM) or high-grade neoplastic infiltration and microresorption (WM bone biopsies). Statistical analysis of mast cell populations showed significant elevation regarding time progression and bone marrow microenvironment, thus suggesting the possible influence of malignant cells to the mast cell population in WM. This study presents the extended survival of intramuscular implantation of human adult bone xenografts into NOD/SCID mice and provides additional information on the interaction between mast cells and malignant B-cells.
Oct 2019 DOI 10.14302/issn.2577-2279.ijha-19-3053
A TiwariCorresponding author
MBBS II Year, School of Medical Science & Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida.
Introduction The human tibia is a complex anatomical unit and the knowledge of its morphometric values is important in Forensic, Anatomic and Radiological cases in order to identify unknown bodies and stature. Objective It was to analyze the tibia, its morphometry, side difference and to investigate the position of nutrient foramina in tibia. Methods In this study, 60 adult human tibias (30 right and 30 left) were obtained from the Department of Anatomy SMSR SHARDA UNIVERSITY. In the study a total of two parameters i.e. Cross Section Index in the middle and Cnemicus Index of the bones were obtained and evaluated by using two instruments- a Measuring Tape and a Vernier Calipers. All the bones were dry and showed normal anatomical features. Results The mean Cross Section Index in the middle was calculated as 80.42 ± 11.33 on the right side and 78.15± 12.78 on the left side; and the Cnemicus index was 78.40 ± 13.19 on the right side and 70.84 ± 11.38 on the left side Conclusion The two parameters in the North Indian population were compared with other populations. The values were found to be almost comparable however there were subtle differences between different populations. The position of nutrient foramen was also assessed. This knowledge will thus help further researchers and orthopedic surgeons in various procedures like joint replacement therapy, fracture repair, bone grafts and vascularized bone microsurgery as well as in medico‐legal cases.
Aug 2018 DOI 10.14302/issn.2576-6694.jbbs-18-2143
V. Dorozhkin SergeyCorresponding author
Independent Researher
The chemical and structural similarities of calcium orthophosphates (abbreviated as CaPO4)to the mineral composition of natural bones and teeth have made them a good candidate for bone tissue engineering applications. Nowadays, a variety of natural or synthetic CaPO4-based biomaterials is produced and has been extensively used for dental and orthopedic applications. Despite their inherent brittleness, CaPO4 materials possess several appealing characteristics as scaffold materials. Namely, their biocompatibility and variable stoichiometry, thus surface charge density, functionality and dissolution properties, make them suitable for both drug and growth factor delivery. Therefore, CaPO4, especially hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalcium phosphates (TCPs), have attracted a significant interest in simultaneous use as bone grafts and drug delivery vehicles. Namely, CaPO4-based three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds and/or carriers have been designed to induce bone formation and vascularization. These scaffolds are usually porous and harbor various types of drugs, biologically active molecules and/or cells. Over the past few decades, their application as bone grafts in combination with stem cells has gained much importance. This review discusses the source, manufacturing methods and advantages of using CaPO4 scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications. Perspective future applications comprise drug delivery and tissue engineering purposes.
Dec 2017 DOI 10.14302/issn.2766-8630.jrnm-17-1770
Y. Moawad EmadCorresponding author
Independent researcher graduated from department of engineering, Ain Shams University
The aims of this study are to investigate the variation in the mechanical behaviour of the primary cancer from cancer relapse, and measuring the therapeutic resistance acquired by cancer relapse. A431-cultured cells were irradiated for 7 months until 85 Gy. Then, a selected single cell was left to grow as stable A431-R cell line. 106 cells of A431 cells and 106 of A431-R cells suspended in 100 μL of medium were injected into subcutaneous tissues on the right thigh of athymic mice to generate tumor xenografts models of primary cancer (A431-P) and cancer relapse (A431-R). Radiotherapy of a low-dose of 30Gy was applied on xenoimplanted tumors after one week from inoculation. A mock process was performed on untreated groups of mice for controls. Tumor size was monitored starting from inoculation and tumor growth was measured along 42 days. Rates of mitosis and apoptosis and the histologic grade (HG) that characterize the tumor response were determined as described in earlier studies. Alterations induced on tumor HG in the treated models were 100% identical to the energy of the applied doses. The differences in response energy between cancer relapse and primary cancer irrespectively of the treatment (untreated vs. treated) or origin of the cells (A431-P vs. A431-R) in all phases of tumor responses (growth, shrinkage or regrowth) were 100% identical to the total differences in the administered regimens applied on those groups during those phases. Cancer relapse is characterized by a delay in growth before second line therapy for its relatively lower rate of mitosis compared by the primary cancer inducing a corresponding delay in the early detection. The therapeutic resistance of the cancer relapse is equivalent to the energy of the doses which have been delivered in the prior therapies, and requires increasing the administered dose by an amount equivalent to that resistance.
Sep 2016 DOI 10.14302/issn.2473-1005.jdoi-16-1196
Singh Nayyar AbhishekCorresponding author
Reader, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Saraswati-Dhanwantari Dental College and Hospital and Post-Graduate Research Institute, Parbhani, Maharashtra, India
Background and Context: Autologous bone grafts require a second surgical exposure to harvest the graft with a significant risk of post-operative complications and donor site morbidity. Employment of allografts potentially eliminates donor site morbidity but carries the potential of causing foreign body immune reactions with a high rate of rejection and failures. Hence, Alloplasts have emerged as novel materials to overcome the drawbacks of autogenous and allogenous bone grafts. Today’s advanced dentistry is enterprising a putty form of calcium phosphosilicate (CPS) into several aspects of reconstructive domain of dentistry including the sinus augmentation procedures, osseous regeneration of periodontal bone defects, cystic cavity defects and alveolar socket preservation. This eccentric multifaceted study was planned as an honest effort on the path of proving the efficiency of CPS as an alloplastic bioactive graft material and aimed at quantitative evaluation of regenerated bone radiographically using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) scans following sinus augmentation procedures. Materials and Methods: A total of 20 sinus augmentations were carried-out in 17 patients satisfying the criteria (inclusion and exclusion) requiring placement of implants in atrophic maxilla and in other situations of anatomic constraints. The graft material used was calcium phosphosilicate (CPS) putty (Nova bone dental putty, Novabone products, Alachua, Fla). The residual bone height was recorded using CBCT scans and a computer based software where the measurements were made from the crest of the ridge till the sinus floor lining. The patients were assessed clinically at immediate post-operative, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months follow-up recalls post-operatively. Radiographic assessment for bone height was done pre-operatively and at 6 months follow-up recall post-operatively using Cone Beam Computer Tomography scans. Results: The post-treatment bone height (11.76+0.97mm) was found to be significantly higher than the pre-treatment bone height (6.8 +0.70mm) in indirect sinus augmentation procedures (t=14.4, p<0.005). In case of direct sinus augmentation group also, the post-treatment bone height (11.27 +0.71mm) came-out to be significantly higher than the pre-treatment bone height (2.44 +0.81mm) (t=32.17, p<0.005). The post-treatment bone grafted sinus floor measurements (1107.6 + 155.6mm) were also found to be significantly higher than the original sinus floor measurements of bone density (Grayscale values) (412+ 65.5mm) (t=16.6, p<0.001) in case of indirect sinus augmentation procedures. Similarly, the post-treatment bone grafted sinus floor measurements (1169.6+136.7mm) were found to be significantly higher than the original sinus floor measurements of bone density (Grayscale values) (416.4+ 0.70mm) (t=17.9, p<0.001) in case of direct sinus augmentation group. Conclusion: Calcium Phosphosilicate (CPS) was accepted well at the recipient sites without any complications demonstrating its efficiency and reliability in sinus augmentation procedures.